Anne I Dipchand1, William T Mahle2, Margaret Tresler2, David C Naftel2, Christopher Almond2, James K Kirklin2, Elizabeth Pruitt2, Steven A Webber2. 1. From the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.I.D.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (W.T.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham (M.T., D.C.N., J.K.K., E.P.); Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (C.A.); and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (S.A.W.). anne.dipchand@sickkids.ca. 2. From the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.I.D.); Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (W.T.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham (M.T., D.C.N., J.K.K., E.P.); Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (C.A.); and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (S.A.W.).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Current organ allocation algorithms direct hearts to the sickest recipients to mitigate death while waiting. This may result in lower post-transplant (Tx) survival for high-risk candidates mandating close examination to determine the appropriateness of different technologies as a bridge to Tx. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed all patients (<18 years old) from the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study (PHTS) database listed for heart Tx (1993-2013) to determine the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support at the time of listing and the time of Tx on waitlist mortality and post-Tx outcomes. Eight percent of patients were listed on ECMO, and within 12 months, 49% had undergone Tx, 35% were deceased, and 16% were alive waiting. Survival at 12 months after listing (censored at Tx) was worse in patients on ECMO at listing (50%) compared with ventricular assist device at listing (76%) or not on ECMO or ventricular assist device at listing (76%; P<0.0001). Two hundred three (5%) patients underwent Tx from ECMO; 135 (67%) had been on ECMO since listing, and 67 (33%) had deteriorated to ECMO support while waiting. Survival after Tx was worse in patients who underwent Tx from ECMO (3 years: 64%) versus on ventricular assist device at Tx (3 years: 84%) or not on ECMO/ventricular assist device at Tx (3 years: 85%; P<0.0001). Patients transplanted from ECMO at age <1 year had the worst survival. CONCLUSIONS:Pediatric patients requiring ECMO support before heart Tx have poor outcomes. Prioritization of donor hearts to children waitlisted on ECMO warrants careful consideration because of ECMO's high pre- and post-Tx mortality.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Current organ allocation algorithms direct hearts to the sickest recipients to mitigate death while waiting. This may result in lower post-transplant (Tx) survival for high-risk candidates mandating close examination to determine the appropriateness of different technologies as a bridge to Tx. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed all patients (<18 years old) from the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study (PHTS) database listed for heart Tx (1993-2013) to determine the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support at the time of listing and the time of Tx on waitlist mortality and post-Tx outcomes. Eight percent of patients were listed on ECMO, and within 12 months, 49% had undergone Tx, 35% were deceased, and 16% were alive waiting. Survival at 12 months after listing (censored at Tx) was worse in patients on ECMO at listing (50%) compared with ventricular assist device at listing (76%) or not on ECMO or ventricular assist device at listing (76%; P<0.0001). Two hundred three (5%) patients underwent Tx from ECMO; 135 (67%) had been on ECMO since listing, and 67 (33%) had deteriorated to ECMO support while waiting. Survival after Tx was worse in patients who underwent Tx from ECMO (3 years: 64%) versus on ventricular assist device at Tx (3 years: 84%) or not on ECMO/ventricular assist device at Tx (3 years: 85%; P<0.0001). Patients transplanted from ECMO at age <1 year had the worst survival. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients requiring ECMO support before heart Tx have poor outcomes. Prioritization of donor hearts to children waitlisted on ECMO warrants careful consideration because of ECMO's high pre- and post-Tx mortality.
Authors: Alex Hsieh; Dmitry Tumin; Patrick I McConnell; Mark Galantowicz; Joseph D Tobias; Don Hayes Journal: Pediatr Cardiol Date: 2016-11-24 Impact factor: 1.655
Authors: Justin Godown; Andrew H Smith; Cary Thurm; Matt Hall; Debra A Dodd; Jonathan H Soslow; Bret A Mettler; David W Bearl; Brian Feingold Journal: Am Heart J Date: 2018-04-06 Impact factor: 4.749
Authors: Joshua M Friedland-Little; Anna Joong; Svetlana B Shugh; Matthew J O'Connor; Neha Bansal; Ryan R Davies; Michelle S Ploutz Journal: Pediatr Cardiol Date: 2022-03-24 Impact factor: 1.838
Authors: Jennifer Conway; Ryan Cantor; Devin Koehl; Robert Spicer; Dipankar Gupta; Michael McCulloch; Alfred Asante-Korang; Dean T Eulrich; James K Kirklin; Elfriede Pahl Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2020-10-20 Impact factor: 5.501