Helena Luginbuehl1,2, Rebecca Naeff3, Anna Zahnd3, Jean-Pierre Baeyens4, Annette Kuhn5, Lorenz Radlinger3. 1. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland. helena.luginbuehl@bfh.ch. 2. Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Boulevard de la Plaine 2, 1050, Ixelles, Belgium. helena.luginbuehl@bfh.ch. 3. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland. 4. Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Boulevard de la Plaine 2, 1050, Ixelles, Belgium. 5. Women's Hospital, Urogynaecology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Effingerstrasse 102, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) affects women of all ages including young athletes, especially those involved in high-impact sports. To date, hardly any studies are available testing pelvic floor muscles (PFM) during sports activities. The aim of this study was the description and reliability test of six PFM electromyography (EMG) variables during three different running speeds. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether there was a speed-dependent difference between the PFM activity variables. METHODS: This trial was designed as an exploratory and reliability study including ten young healthy female subjects to characterize PFM pre-activity and reflex activity during running at 7, 9 and 11 km/h. Six variables for each running speed, averaged over ten steps per subject, were presented descriptively, tested regarding their reliability (Friedman, ICC, SEM, MD) and speed difference (Friedman). RESULTS: PFM EMG variables varied between 67.6 and 106.1 %EMG, showed no systematic error and were low for SEM and MD using the single value model. Applying the average model over ten steps, ICC (3,k) were >0.75 and SEM and MD about 50 % lower than for the single value model. Activity was found to be highest in 11 km/h. CONCLUSION: EMG variables showed excellent ICC and very low SEM and MD. Further studies should investigate inter-session reliability and PFM reactivity patterns of SUI patients using the average over ten steps for each variable as it showed very high ICC and very low SEM and MD. Subsequently, longer running distances and other high-impact sports disciplines could be studied.
PURPOSE:Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) affects women of all ages including young athletes, especially those involved in high-impact sports. To date, hardly any studies are available testing pelvic floor muscles (PFM) during sports activities. The aim of this study was the description and reliability test of six PFM electromyography (EMG) variables during three different running speeds. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether there was a speed-dependent difference between the PFM activity variables. METHODS: This trial was designed as an exploratory and reliability study including ten young healthy female subjects to characterize PFM pre-activity and reflex activity during running at 7, 9 and 11 km/h. Six variables for each running speed, averaged over ten steps per subject, were presented descriptively, tested regarding their reliability (Friedman, ICC, SEM, MD) and speed difference (Friedman). RESULTS: PFM EMG variables varied between 67.6 and 106.1 %EMG, showed no systematic error and were low for SEM and MD using the single value model. Applying the average model over ten steps, ICC (3,k) were >0.75 and SEM and MD about 50 % lower than for the single value model. Activity was found to be highest in 11 km/h. CONCLUSION: EMG variables showed excellent ICC and very low SEM and MD. Further studies should investigate inter-session reliability and PFM reactivity patterns of SUI patients using the average over ten steps for each variable as it showed very high ICC and very low SEM and MD. Subsequently, longer running distances and other high-impact sports disciplines could be studied.
Authors: Nicholas Dias; Yun Peng; Rose Khavari; Nissrine A Nakib; Robert M Sweet; Gerald W Timm; Arthur G Erdman; Timothy B Boone; Yingchun Zhang Journal: Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) Date: 2016-11-18 Impact factor: 2.063
Authors: Laura Fuentes-Aparicio; Beatriz Arranz-Martín; Beatriz Navarro-Brazález; Javier Bailón-Cerezo; Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez; María Torres-Lacomba Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-02 Impact factor: 3.390