Enhanced parametric frequency conversion in a compact silicon-graphene microring resonator.

We demonstrate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a 10-μm-radius silicon microring resonator with the assistance of giant nonlinearity of the monolayer graphene. A maximum enhancement of 6.8 dB of conversion efficiency in the silicon-graphene microring (SGM) resonator is observed. A nonlinear propagation model is established and the optical Kerr coefficient of the silicon-graphene hybrid waveguide is three times larger than that of the silicon waveguide.