Seung Hwan Moon1, Young Seok Cho1, Tae Soo Noh1, Joon Young Choi1, Byung-Tae Kim1, Kyung-Han Lee2. 1. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 2. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: khnm.lee@samsung.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate the role of carotid fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake as an independent prognostic indicator and to determine whether its addition improves risk prediction beyond the Framingham risk score (FRS) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of carotid FDG uptake independent of and incremental to traditional cardiovascular risk factors and CIMT in asymptomatic individuals has not been evaluated. METHODS: We measured carotid FDG uptake and CIMT in 1,089 asymptomatic adults (51.8 ± 6.3 years of age, 94.3% males) who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging and examined the prognostic value of carotid FDG uptake compared with traditional risk factors and CIMT. RESULTS: Cardiocerebrovascular events occurred in 19 participants (1.74%) during an average follow-up of 4.2 years (range 1.0 to 5.5 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that high carotid FDG uptake (hazard ratio: 2.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 7.62; p = 0.022) and high CIMT (hazard ratio: 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.13 to 7.03; p = 0.026) were independent predictors of events. Comparison of predictive power demonstrated that adding carotid FDG uptake, but not CIMT, to the FRS significantly increased the time-dependent area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve from 0.60 to 0.73 (p = 0.04). Furthermore, improvement approaching significance was achieved by adding carotid FDG uptake to the FRS plus CIMT, which increased the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve from 0.65 to 0.75 (p = 0.07). Net reclassification for event prediction was similarly improved by addition of carotid FDG uptake to the FRS (net reclassification index, 40.1%; p = 0.06), as well as the FRS plus CIMT (net reclassification index, 32.9%; p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: High carotid FDG uptake predicts cardiovascular events independent of traditional risk factors and CIMT in asymptomatic adults and may add to risk stratification beyond the FRS and CIMT.
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate the role of carotidfluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake as an independent prognostic indicator and to determine whether its addition improves risk prediction beyond the Framingham risk score (FRS) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of carotidFDG uptake independent of and incremental to traditional cardiovascular risk factors and CIMT in asymptomatic individuals has not been evaluated. METHODS: We measured carotidFDG uptake and CIMT in 1,089 asymptomatic adults (51.8 ± 6.3 years of age, 94.3% males) who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging and examined the prognostic value of carotidFDG uptake compared with traditional risk factors and CIMT. RESULTS:Cardiocerebrovascular events occurred in 19 participants (1.74%) during an average follow-up of 4.2 years (range 1.0 to 5.5 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that high carotidFDG uptake (hazard ratio: 2.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 7.62; p = 0.022) and high CIMT (hazard ratio: 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.13 to 7.03; p = 0.026) were independent predictors of events. Comparison of predictive power demonstrated that adding carotidFDG uptake, but not CIMT, to the FRS significantly increased the time-dependent area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve from 0.60 to 0.73 (p = 0.04). Furthermore, improvement approaching significance was achieved by adding carotidFDG uptake to the FRS plus CIMT, which increased the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve from 0.65 to 0.75 (p = 0.07). Net reclassification for event prediction was similarly improved by addition of carotidFDG uptake to the FRS (net reclassification index, 40.1%; p = 0.06), as well as the FRS plus CIMT (net reclassification index, 32.9%; p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: High carotidFDG uptake predicts cardiovascular events independent of traditional risk factors and CIMT in asymptomatic adults and may add to risk stratification beyond the FRS and CIMT.
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