Interfacial equation of state for ionized surfactants at oil/water interfaces.

A new mathematical approach has been developed for describing the interfacial behaviour of oil/water interfaces in the presence of ionic surfactants. The approach relies on the ideal behaviour of ionized surfactants at oil/water interfaces, which is previously demonstrated by Lucassen-Reynders (J. Phys. Chem., 1966, 70, 1777-1785). The new derived equation simply relates the interfacial tension to the surfactant molecular size and the cmc value of the surfactant in the aqueous phase. The predicted values are in a reasonable agreement with the measured experimental data. Formation of complex multi-layers is considered and the related development is performed. It is shown that, assuming a multi-layer interface, the proposed model gives an area per surfactant molecule similar to the values obtained by techniques such as neutron reflectivity (NR), while a monolayer assumption yields about half the value. The discussion describes the impact of dissolved oil and ionic components on the interfacial tension of the ionized surfactants at oil/water interfaces.