Jiapeng Yang1, Yu Cao2, Yunchao Huang1, Guangjian Li1, Lianhua Ye1, Guangqiang Zhao1, Yujie Lei1, Xiaobo Chen1, Linwei Tian3. 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery 1 Ward, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Provincial Tumor Hospital, 650118 Kunming, China. 2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, the Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, 650000 Kunming, China. 3. School of Public Health , University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China, has become an important restricting factor for livelihood development, thus exerting local social and economic impacts. Coal is the main fuel of the local community and also the main source of indoor pollution. This study aims to explore the coal combustion inhalable fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its component output differences in different areas of Xuanwei, Yunnan. Moreover, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between inhalation of fine particles and high incidence of local lung cancer. METHODS: For combustion test, coal mines designated as C1, K7 and M30 were collected from LaoLin Colliery of Laibing Town, Huchang Colliery of Baoshan Town, and Taiping Colliery of Wenxing Town in Xuanwei, respectively. PM2.5 of indoor air was weighed, analyzed for elemental composition, and morphologically compared. The pathological specimen of lung cancer patients in Xuanwei who underwent operation was observed through electron microscope. RESULTS: The PM2.5 concentrations in indoor air were (8.244 ±1.460) mg/m³ (C1), (5.066±0.984) mg/m³ (K7), and (5.071±1.460) mg/m³ (M30). The differences among pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (P=0.029). The filter impurities of C1 coal seam primarily include Si- and O-enriched compounds. Moreover, three membranes that comprised other elements, including C, S, and Si, were observed. These membranes were evident from the aggregation of silica and a Ca-Al membrane. Compared with that of other coal seams, C1 coal generated a mass of impurities, in which several particles have irregular shape. We found nanoscale fine particles in some specimens of Xuanwei lung cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: The produced combustion of C1 coal was different from that of K7 and M30 coal. PM2.5 composition may be associated with the high local incidence of lung cancer. .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China, has become an important restricting factor for livelihood development, thus exerting local social and economic impacts. Coal is the main fuel of the local community and also the main source of indoor pollution. This study aims to explore the coal combustion inhalable fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its component output differences in different areas of Xuanwei, Yunnan. Moreover, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between inhalation of fine particles and high incidence of local lung cancer. METHODS: For combustion test, coal mines designated as C1, K7 and M30 were collected from LaoLin Colliery of Laibing Town, Huchang Colliery of Baoshan Town, and Taiping Colliery of Wenxing Town in Xuanwei, respectively. PM2.5 of indoor air was weighed, analyzed for elemental composition, and morphologically compared. The pathological specimen of lung cancerpatients in Xuanwei who underwent operation was observed through electron microscope. RESULTS: The PM2.5 concentrations in indoor air were (8.244 ±1.460) mg/m³ (C1), (5.066±0.984) mg/m³ (K7), and (5.071±1.460) mg/m³ (M30). The differences among pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (P=0.029). The filter impurities of C1 coal seam primarily include Si- and O-enriched compounds. Moreover, three membranes that comprised other elements, including C, S, and Si, were observed. These membranes were evident from the aggregation of silica and a Ca-Al membrane. Compared with that of other coal seams, C1 coal generated a mass of impurities, in which several particles have irregular shape. We found nanoscale fine particles in some specimens of Xuanwei lung cancerpatients. CONCLUSIONS: The produced combustion of C1 coal was different from that of K7 and M30 coal. PM2.5 composition may be associated with the high local incidence of lung cancer. .
XRF results. A: Result of the C1 Coal combustion products XRF; B: Result of the K7 Coal combustion products XRF; C: Result of the M30 Coal combustion products XRF. XRF: X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
XRF结果。A:C1煤燃烧产物的XRF;B:K7煤燃烧产物的XRF;C:M30煤燃烧产物的XRF。XRF results. A: Result of the C1 Coal combustion products XRF; B: Result of the K7 Coal combustion products XRF; C: Result of the M30 Coal combustion products XRF. XRF: X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
The fine particulate matter of lung. A: Lung cancer electron micrographs of laibin town Xuanwei; B: Partial picture of fine particulate matter; C: Form of fine particulate matter.
肺内细颗粒物。A:宣威市来宾镇肺癌病理切片电镜图;B:细颗粒物局部全貌;C:细颗粒物形态。The fine particulate matter of lung. A: Lung cancer electron micrographs of laibin town Xuanwei; B: Partial picture of fine particulate matter; C: Form of fine particulate matter.
Authors: Cynthia R Timblin; Arti Shukla; Ingrid Berlanger; Kelly A BeruBe; Andrew Churg; Brooke T Mossman Journal: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Date: 2002-03-01 Impact factor: 4.219
Authors: Jason Y Y Wong; Wei Hu; George S Downward; Wei Jie Seow; Bryan A Bassig; Bu-Tian Ji; Fusheng Wei; Guoping Wu; Jihua Li; Jun He; Chin-San Liu; Wen-Ling Cheng; Yunchao Huang; Kaiyun Yang; Ying Chen; Nathaniel Rothman; Roel C Vermeulen; Qing Lan Journal: Carcinogenesis Date: 2017-09-01 Impact factor: 4.944