Bryna Shatenstein1,2,3, Lise Gauvin4,5, Heather Keller6, Lucie Richard7,8, Pierrette Gaudreau5,9, Francine Giroux10, Mira Jabbour10, José A Morais11, Hélène Payette12,13. 1. Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca. 2. Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca. 3. Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary, Montreal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada. bryna.shatenstein@umontreal.ca. 4. Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 5. Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 6. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. 7. Faculté des Sciences Infirmières, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 8. Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 9. Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 10. Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. 11. Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. 12. Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada. 13. Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, CIUSSS de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study examined individual and collective factors as predictors of change in global diet quality (DQ). METHODS: Subjects were 373 older adults (57 % female) aged 68-82 years at recruitment (T1) into the NuAge Cohort Study, and followed for three years. Data were collected by questionnaires, physical performance tests and anthropometric measurements. Diet was assessed at T1 and T4 using three non-consecutive 24-h diet recalls (24HR) and DQ (Canadian Healthy Eating Index), and was computed on the means of the 24HR. DQ change over three years was determined as "DQT4-DQT1". Baseline (T1) measures significantly correlated with DQ at T1 were entered into backward stepwise linear regression analyses along with selected theoretical constructs and controlled for baseline DQ to determine predictors of change in DQ over 3 years. RESULTS: Among men, education (p = .009) and sensations of hunger (p = .01) were positive predictors of DQ change over time, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001), cognition (p = .003) and social network (p = .019) were negative predictors (adjusted R (2) = 30.4 %). Finally, among women, diet knowledge (p = .044) was a positive predictor of DQ change, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001) and social network (p = .033) were negative predictors of DQ change over 3 years (adjusted R (2) = 24.1 %). CONCLUSIONS: These results can inform dietary intervention programmes targeting gender-specific determinants of diet quality in older adults.
PURPOSE: This study examined individual and collective factors as predictors of change in global diet quality (DQ). METHODS: Subjects were 373 older adults (57 % female) aged 68-82 years at recruitment (T1) into the NuAge Cohort Study, and followed for three years. Data were collected by questionnaires, physical performance tests and anthropometric measurements. Diet was assessed at T1 and T4 using three non-consecutive 24-h diet recalls (24HR) and DQ (Canadian Healthy Eating Index), and was computed on the means of the 24HR. DQ change over three years was determined as "DQT4-DQT1". Baseline (T1) measures significantly correlated with DQ at T1 were entered into backward stepwise linear regression analyses along with selected theoretical constructs and controlled for baseline DQ to determine predictors of change in DQ over 3 years. RESULTS: Among men, education (p = .009) and sensations of hunger (p = .01) were positive predictors of DQ change over time, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001), cognition (p = .003) and social network (p = .019) were negative predictors (adjusted R (2) = 30.4 %). Finally, among women, diet knowledge (p = .044) was a positive predictor of DQ change, while DQ at T1 (p < .0001) and social network (p = .033) were negative predictors of DQ change over 3 years (adjusted R (2) = 24.1 %). CONCLUSIONS: These results can inform dietary intervention programmes targeting gender-specific determinants of diet quality in older adults.
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