Patrick McGowan1. 1. School of Public Health and Social Policy, Faculty of Human and Social Development, University of Victoria, Delta, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: pmcgowan@uvic.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to investigate the effectiveness of 2 types of peer-led self-management programs in bringing about improvements in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine whether there were differences in effectiveness between the 2 programs. METHODS: The study used a 3-arm randomized controlled trial design with clinical measures taken at baseline and at 6 and 12 months post-program. In total, 405 persons completed baseline questionnaires and were randomly allocated to a diabetes self-management program (n=130), to a general self-management program (n=109) or to a control group (n=122). A 2-way factorial analyses of variance was employed as the primary statistical analysis. RESULTS: The findings showed that the self-management programs had affected 5 of the 30 measures: fatigue, cognitive symptom management, self-efficacy with regard to the disease in general, communication with physician, and the score on the Diabetes Empowerment Scale. In addition, 3 variables-social role limitations, total hospital nights and glycated hemoglobin levels-showed marginally significant interaction effects. The second analysis found similar results, with 4 of the 5 measures remaining statistically significant: fatigue, cognitive symptom management, communication with physician and diabetes empowerment, with neither program being more effective than the other. CONCLUSIONS: The major findings are that although both programs were effective in bringing about positive changes in the outcome measures, there was little difference in effectiveness between the Diabetes Self-Management Program and the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program. This finding is consistent with the principle that behaviour-change strategies using self-efficacy are key components in health education programs.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to investigate the effectiveness of 2 types of peer-led self-management programs in bringing about improvements in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine whether there were differences in effectiveness between the 2 programs. METHODS: The study used a 3-arm randomized controlled trial design with clinical measures taken at baseline and at 6 and 12 months post-program. In total, 405 persons completed baseline questionnaires and were randomly allocated to a diabetes self-management program (n=130), to a general self-management program (n=109) or to a control group (n=122). A 2-way factorial analyses of variance was employed as the primary statistical analysis. RESULTS: The findings showed that the self-management programs had affected 5 of the 30 measures: fatigue, cognitive symptom management, self-efficacy with regard to the disease in general, communication with physician, and the score on the Diabetes Empowerment Scale. In addition, 3 variables-social role limitations, total hospital nights and glycated hemoglobin levels-showed marginally significant interaction effects. The second analysis found similar results, with 4 of the 5 measures remaining statistically significant: fatigue, cognitive symptom management, communication with physician and diabetes empowerment, with neither program being more effective than the other. CONCLUSIONS: The major findings are that although both programs were effective in bringing about positive changes in the outcome measures, there was little difference in effectiveness between the Diabetes Self-Management Program and the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program. This finding is consistent with the principle that behaviour-change strategies using self-efficacy are key components in health education programs.
Keywords:
diabète de type 2; essai comparatif à répartition aléatoire; programme de prise en charge autonome; randomized controlled trial; self-management program; type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sonal J Patil; Todd Ruppar; Richelle J Koopman; Erik J Lindbloom; Susan G Elliott; David R Mehr; Vicki S Conn Journal: Ann Fam Med Date: 2016-11 Impact factor: 5.166
Authors: Matthew J Miller; Dawn M Magnusson; Guy Lev; Thomas T Fields; Paul F Cook; Jennifer E Stevens-Lapsley; Cory L Christiansen Journal: PM R Date: 2018-03-24 Impact factor: 2.298
Authors: Shihchen Kuo; Wen Ye; Mary de Groot; Chandan Saha; Jay H Shubrook; W Guyton Hornsby; Yegan Pillay; Kieren J Mather; William H Herman Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2021-02-19 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Sonal J Patil; Todd Ruppar; Richelle J Koopman; Erik J Lindbloom; Susan G Elliott; David R Mehr; Vicki S Conn Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2018-03-23 Impact factor: 3.295