Paul D Mowery1, Shanta R Dube2, Stacy L Thorne3, Bridgette E Garrett3, David M Homa3, Patricia Nez Henderson4. 1. Biostatistics, Inc., Sarasota, Florida. Electronic address: pzm4@cdc.gov. 2. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. Office on Smoking and Health, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia. 4. Black Hills Center for American Indian Health, Rapid City, South Dakota.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Smoking-related disparities continue to be a public health problem among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population groups and data documenting the health burden of smoking in this population are sparse. The purpose of this study was to assess mortality attributable to cigarette smoking among AI/AN adults relative to non-Hispanic white adults (whites) by calculating and comparing smoking-attributable fractions and mortality. METHODS: Smoking-attributable fractions and mortality among AI/ANs (n=1.63 million AI/ANs) and whites were calculated for people living in 637 Indian Health Service Contract Health Service Delivery Area counties in the U.S., from mortality data collected during 2001-2009. Differences in smoking-attributable mortality between AI/ANs and whites for five major causes of smoking-related deaths were examined. All data analyses were carried out in 2013-2014. RESULTS: Overall, from 2001 to 2009, age-adjusted death rates, smoking-attributable fractions, and smoking-attributable mortality for all-cause mortality were higher among AI/ANs than among whites for adult men and women aged ≥35 years. Smoking caused 21% of ischemic heart disease, 15% of other heart disease, and 17% of stroke deaths in AI/AN men, compared with 15%, 10%, and 9%, respectively, for white men. Among AI/AN women, smoking caused 18% of ischemic heart disease deaths, 13% of other heart diseases deaths, and 20% of stroke deaths, compared with 9%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, among white women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the need for comprehensive tobacco control and prevention efforts that can effectively reach and impact the AI/AN population to prevent and reduce smoking.
INTRODUCTION: Smoking-related disparities continue to be a public health problem among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population groups and data documenting the health burden of smoking in this population are sparse. The purpose of this study was to assess mortality attributable to cigarette smoking among AI/AN adults relative to non-Hispanic white adults (whites) by calculating and comparing smoking-attributable fractions and mortality. METHODS: Smoking-attributable fractions and mortality among AI/ANs (n=1.63 million AI/ANs) and whites were calculated for people living in 637 Indian Health Service Contract Health Service Delivery Area counties in the U.S., from mortality data collected during 2001-2009. Differences in smoking-attributable mortality between AI/ANs and whites for five major causes of smoking-related deaths were examined. All data analyses were carried out in 2013-2014. RESULTS: Overall, from 2001 to 2009, age-adjusted death rates, smoking-attributable fractions, and smoking-attributable mortality for all-cause mortality were higher among AI/ANs than among whites for adult men and women aged ≥35 years. Smoking caused 21% of ischemic heart disease, 15% of other heart disease, and 17% of stroke deaths in AI/AN men, compared with 15%, 10%, and 9%, respectively, for white men. Among AI/AN women, smoking caused 18% of ischemic heart disease deaths, 13% of other heart diseases deaths, and 20% of stroke deaths, compared with 9%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, among white women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the need for comprehensive tobacco control and prevention efforts that can effectively reach and impact the AI/AN population to prevent and reduce smoking.
Authors: Dorothy A Rhoades; Ashley L Comiford; Justin D Dvorak; Kai Ding; Leslie M Driskill; Audrea M Hopkins; Paul Spicer; Theodore L Wagener; Mark P Doescher Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 2019-08-01 Impact factor: 5.043
Authors: Dana Mowls Carroll; Claradina Soto; Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati; Li-Ling Huang; Brianna A Lienemann; Helen I Meissner; Shyanika W Rose; Jennifer B Unger; Tess Boley Cruz Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2019-09-23 Impact factor: 2.164
Authors: William R Ponicki; Jeffrey A Henderson; Andrew Gaidus; Paul J Gruenewald; Juliet P Lee; Roland S Moore; Sharice Davids; Nick Tilsen Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2018-01-30 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Ashley L Comiford; Dorothy A Rhoades; Justin D Dvorak; Kai Ding; Toral Mehta; Paul Spicer; Theodore Wagener; Mark P Doescher Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2020-01 Impact factor: 2.792