D Jerene1, M Melese1, Y Kassie1, G Alem2, S H Daba3, N Hiruye1, B Girma1, P G Suarez4. 1. Help Ethiopia Address the Low Tuberculosis Performance (HEAL TB) Project, Management Sciences for Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2. Amhara Regional Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. 3. Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 4. Management Sciences for Health, Center for Health Services, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Abstract
SETTING: Amhara and Oromia regions, Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the yield of a household contact investigation for tuberculosis (TB) under routine programme conditions. DESIGN: Between April 2013 and March 2014, TB clinic officers conducted symptom-based screening for household contacts (HHCs) of 6015 smear-positive TB (SS+ TB) index cases. Based on quarterly reported programme data, we calculated the yield in terms of number needed to screen (NNS) and number needed to test (NNT). RESULTS: Of 15,527 HHCs screened, 6.1% had presumptive TB (8.5% in Oromia vs. 3.9% in Amhara). All forms of TB and SS+ TB were diagnosed in respectively 2.5% (Oromia 3.9% vs. Amhara 1.2%) and 0.76% (Oromia 0.98% vs. Amhara 0.55%) of contacts. The NNS to detect a TB case all forms and SS+ TB was respectively 40 and 132. The NNT to diagnose a TB case all forms and SS+ TB was respectively 2.4 and 8. Of 1687 eligible children aged <5 years, 323 were started on isoniazid preventive therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The yield of the household contact investigation was over 10 times higher than the estimated prevalence in the general population; household contact investigations can serve as an entry point for childhood TB care.
SETTING: Amhara and Oromia regions, Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the yield of a household contact investigation for tuberculosis (TB) under routine programme conditions. DESIGN: Between April 2013 and March 2014, TB clinic officers conducted symptom-based screening for household contacts (HHCs) of 6015 smear-positive TB (SS+ TB) index cases. Based on quarterly reported programme data, we calculated the yield in terms of number needed to screen (NNS) and number needed to test (NNT). RESULTS: Of 15,527 HHCs screened, 6.1% had presumptive TB (8.5% in Oromia vs. 3.9% in Amhara). All forms of TB and SS+ TB were diagnosed in respectively 2.5% (Oromia 3.9% vs. Amhara 1.2%) and 0.76% (Oromia 0.98% vs. Amhara 0.55%) of contacts. The NNS to detect a TB case all forms and SS+ TB was respectively 40 and 132. The NNT to diagnose a TB case all forms and SS+ TB was respectively 2.4 and 8. Of 1687 eligible children aged <5 years, 323 were started on isoniazid preventive therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The yield of the household contact investigation was over 10 times higher than the estimated prevalence in the general population; household contact investigations can serve as an entry point for childhood TB care.
Authors: M Armstrong-Hough; J Ggita; P Turimumahoro; A J Meyer; E Ochom; D Dowdy; A Cattamanchi; A Katamba; J L Davis Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2018-10-01 Impact factor: 2.373
Authors: Mubarek A Yassin; Kesetebirhan D Yirdaw; Daniel G Datiko; Luis E Cuevas; Mohammed A Yassin Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2020-05-20 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Mari Armstrong-Hough; Patricia Turimumahoro; Amanda J Meyer; Emmanuel Ochom; Diana Babirye; Irene Ayakaka; David Mark; Joseph Ggita; Adithya Cattamanchi; David Dowdy; Frank Mugabe; Elizabeth Fair; Jessica E Haberer; Achilles Katamba; J Lucian Davis Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-11-06 Impact factor: 3.240