E D Ballard1, K Van Eck2, R J Musci2, S R Hart3, C L Storr2, N Breslau4, H C Wilcox2. 1. National Institute of Mental Health,Experimental and Pathophysiology Branch,Bethesda,MD,USA. 2. Department of Mental Health,Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health,Baltimore,MD,USA. 3. Child Development Department,California State University,Chico,CA,USA. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI,USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To develop latent classes of exposure to traumatic experiences before the age of 13 years in an urban community sample and to use these latent classes to predict the development of negative behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. METHOD: A total of 1815 participants in an epidemiologically based, randomized field trial as children completed comprehensive psychiatric assessments as young adults. Reported experiences of nine traumatic experiences before age 13 years were used in a latent class analysis to create latent profiles of traumatic experiences. Latent classes were used to predict psychiatric outcomes at age ⩾13 years, criminal convictions, physical health problems and traumatic experiences reported in young adulthood. RESULTS: Three latent classes of childhood traumatic experiences were supported by the data. One class (8% of sample), primarily female, was characterized by experiences of sexual assault and reported significantly higher rates of a range of psychiatric outcomes by young adulthood. Another class (8%), primarily male, was characterized by experiences of violence exposure and reported higher levels of antisocial personality disorder and post-traumatic stress. The final class (84%) reported low levels of childhood traumatic experiences. Parental psychopathology was related to membership in the sexual assault group. CONCLUSIONS: Classes of childhood traumatic experiences predict specific psychiatric and behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. The long-term adverse effects of childhood traumas are primarily concentrated in victims of sexual and non-sexual violence. Gender emerged as a key covariate in the classes of trauma exposure and outcomes.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: To develop latent classes of exposure to traumatic experiences before the age of 13 years in an urban community sample and to use these latent classes to predict the development of negative behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. METHOD: A total of 1815 participants in an epidemiologically based, randomized field trial as children completed comprehensive psychiatric assessments as young adults. Reported experiences of nine traumatic experiences before age 13 years were used in a latent class analysis to create latent profiles of traumatic experiences. Latent classes were used to predict psychiatric outcomes at age ⩾13 years, criminal convictions, physical health problems and traumatic experiences reported in young adulthood. RESULTS: Three latent classes of childhood traumatic experiences were supported by the data. One class (8% of sample), primarily female, was characterized by experiences of sexual assault and reported significantly higher rates of a range of psychiatric outcomes by young adulthood. Another class (8%), primarily male, was characterized by experiences of violence exposure and reported higher levels of antisocial personality disorder and post-traumatic stress. The final class (84%) reported low levels of childhood traumatic experiences. Parental psychopathology was related to membership in the sexual assault group. CONCLUSIONS: Classes of childhood traumatic experiences predict specific psychiatric and behavioral outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. The long-term adverse effects of childhood traumas are primarily concentrated in victims of sexual and non-sexual violence. Gender emerged as a key covariate in the classes of trauma exposure and outcomes.
Entities:
Keywords:
Childhood adverse experiences; latent class analysis; trauma; young adulthood
Authors: G Bandoli; L Campbell-Sills; R C Kessler; S G Heeringa; M K Nock; A J Rosellini; N A Sampson; M Schoenbaum; R J Ursano; M B Stein Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2017-04-26 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Richard Thompson; Terri Lewis; Elizabeth C Neilson; Diana J English; Alan J Litrownik; Benyamin Margolis; Laura Proctor; Howard Dubowitz Journal: Child Maltreat Date: 2016-10-24
Authors: Murray B Stein; Laura Campbell-Sills; Robert J Ursano; Anthony J Rosellini; Lisa J Colpe; Feng He; Steven G Heeringa; Matthew K Nock; Nancy A Sampson; Michael Schoenbaum; Xiaoying Sun; Sonia Jain; Ronald C Kessler Journal: J Clin Psychiatry Date: 2018 Mar/Apr Impact factor: 4.384