Kyung-Hee Song1, Mi-Hyoung Kim1,2, Seong-Mook Kang1, Seung-Youn Jung1, Jiyeon Ahn1, Hee-Jong Woo2, Seon Young Nam3, Sang-Gu Hwang1, Sang-Young Ryu4, Jie-Young Song1. 1. a Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea. 2. b Laboratory of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea. 3. c Radiation Effect Research Team, Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd , Seoul , Republic of Korea. 4. d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In contrast to high-dose therapeutic irradiation, definitive research detailing the physiological effects of low-dose irradiation is limited. Notably, the immunological response elicited after low-dose irradiation remains controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice were whole- body-irradiated with a single or three daily fractions up to a total dose of 0.1, 1, or 10 cGy. Blood and spleen were harvested 2, 7 and 14 days after irradiation. RESULTS: The splenic CD4(+) T cell subpopulations were temporarily increased at 2 days after single or fractionated irradiation, whereas the percentage of dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages was decreased. Whereas CD8(+) T cell populations were decreased in single-dose irradiated mice at day 7, early and sustained reduction of CD8(+) T cell numbers was observed in fractionated- dose-irradiated mice from day 2 until day 14. In addition, single-dose irradiation resulted in a Th1 cytokine expression profile, whereas fractionated-dose irradiation drove a Th2 shift. Additionally, increased expression of immune-related factors was observed at early time-points with single-dose irradiation, in contrast to the dose-independent induction following fractionated-dose irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that low-dose irradiation modulates the immune response in mice, where the sensitivity and kinetics of the induced response vary according to the dosing method.
PURPOSE: In contrast to high-dose therapeutic irradiation, definitive research detailing the physiological effects of low-dose irradiation is limited. Notably, the immunological response elicited after low-dose irradiation remains controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice were whole- body-irradiated with a single or three daily fractions up to a total dose of 0.1, 1, or 10 cGy. Blood and spleen were harvested 2, 7 and 14 days after irradiation. RESULTS: The splenic CD4(+) T cell subpopulations were temporarily increased at 2 days after single or fractionated irradiation, whereas the percentage of dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages was decreased. Whereas CD8(+) T cell populations were decreased in single-dose irradiated mice at day 7, early and sustained reduction of CD8(+) T cell numbers was observed in fractionated- dose-irradiated mice from day 2 until day 14. In addition, single-dose irradiation resulted in a Th1 cytokine expression profile, whereas fractionated-dose irradiation drove a Th2 shift. Additionally, increased expression of immune-related factors was observed at early time-points with single-dose irradiation, in contrast to the dose-independent induction following fractionated-dose irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that low-dose irradiation modulates the immune response in mice, where the sensitivity and kinetics of the induced response vary according to the dosing method.
Authors: Shanaz A Ghandhi; Chao Sima; Waylon M Weber; Dunstana R Melo; Nils Rudqvist; Shad R Morton; Helen C Turner; Sally A Amundson Journal: Radiat Res Date: 2020-11-01 Impact factor: 2.841