G Sebastiani1,2, M Díaz1,2, J Bassols3, G Aragonés4, A López-Bermejo3, F de Zegher5, L Ibáñez1,2. 1. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain. 4. Grupo de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas a Resistencia a la Insulina (GEMMAIR), Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain. 5. Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Infants born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) who develop post-natal weight catch-up are at risk for insulin resistance, central adiposity and cardiovascular disease in later life, even in the absence of overweight. OBJECTIVE: In young (age 3-6 years) non-obese SGA children, we assessed arterial health (as judged by intima-media thickness [IMT]) and abdominal fat distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, preperitoneal and hepatic components by magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and/or ultrasound [US]) besides a selection of endocrine markers. METHODS: Comparisons of measures in SGA (n = 27) vs. appropriate-for-GA (AGA) children (n = 19) of similar height, weight and body mass index. Longitudinal outcomes (age 3-6 years) were carotid IMT (cIMT); fasting glucose, circulating insulin, IGF-I and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin; abdominal fat partitioning by US. Cross-sectional outcomes (age 6 years) were aortic IMT (aIMT) and abdominal fat partitioning by MRI. RESULTS: At 3 and 6 years, cIMT and IGF-I results were higher and HMW adiponectin lower in SGA than AGA children; at 6 years, SGA subjects had also a thicker aIMT and more pre-peritoneal and hepatic fat, and were less insulin sensitive (all P values between <0.05 and <0.0001). cIMT correlated positively with pre-peritoneal fat, particularly at 6 years. Post-SGA status and weight gain in early childhood (between 3 and 6 years) were independent predictors of cIMT at 6 years, explaining 48 % of its variance. CONCLUSION: SGA children aged 3-6 years were found to have a thicker intima- media and more pre-peritoneal and hepatic fat than AGA children of comparable size.
BACKGROUND:Infants born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) who develop post-natal weight catch-up are at risk for insulin resistance, central adiposity and cardiovascular disease in later life, even in the absence of overweight. OBJECTIVE: In young (age 3-6 years) non-obese SGA children, we assessed arterial health (as judged by intima-media thickness [IMT]) and abdominal fat distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, preperitoneal and hepatic components by magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and/or ultrasound [US]) besides a selection of endocrine markers. METHODS: Comparisons of measures in SGA (n = 27) vs. appropriate-for-GA (AGA) children (n = 19) of similar height, weight and body mass index. Longitudinal outcomes (age 3-6 years) were carotid IMT (cIMT); fasting glucose, circulating insulin, IGF-I and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin; abdominal fat partitioning by US. Cross-sectional outcomes (age 6 years) were aortic IMT (aIMT) and abdominal fat partitioning by MRI. RESULTS: At 3 and 6 years, cIMT and IGF-I results were higher and HMW adiponectin lower in SGA than AGA children; at 6 years, SGA subjects had also a thicker aIMT and more pre-peritoneal and hepatic fat, and were less insulin sensitive (all P values between <0.05 and <0.0001). cIMT correlated positively with pre-peritoneal fat, particularly at 6 years. Post-SGA status and weight gain in early childhood (between 3 and 6 years) were independent predictors of cIMT at 6 years, explaining 48 % of its variance. CONCLUSION: SGA children aged 3-6 years were found to have a thicker intima- media and more pre-peritoneal and hepatic fat than AGA children of comparable size.
Authors: R Malpique; J Bassols; A López-Bermejo; M Diaz; F Villarroya; J Pavia; A Congo; F de Zegher; L Ibáñez Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-08-14 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Marta Díaz; Gemma Carreras-Badosa; Joan Villarroya; Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro; Judit Bassols; Francis de Zegher; Abel López-Bermejo; Francesc Villarroya; Lourdes Ibáñez Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2022-07-11 Impact factor: 3.953