Andreas Mæchel Fritzen1, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard1, Andreas Børsting Jordy1, Sanne Kellebjerg Poulsen1, Steen Stender1, Henriette Pilegaard1, Arne Astrup1, Thomas Meinert Larsen1, Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski1, Erik A Richter1, Bente Kiens1. 1. Section of Molecular Physiology, The August Krogh Centre, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (A.M.F., A.-M.L., A.B.J., J.F.P.W., E.A.R., B.K.), University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (S.K.P., A.A., T.M.L.), University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry (S.S.), Copenhagen University Hospitals, Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Department of Biology (H.P.), University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; and Danish Diabetes Academy (A.-M.L.), 5000 Odense, Denmark.
Abstract
CONTEXT: The molecular mechanisms behind diet-induced metabolic improvements remain to be studied. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate whether expression of proteins in skeletal muscle or adipose tissue could explain improvements in glucose and lipid homeostasis after weight loss. DESIGN: Volunteers consumed a New Nordic Diet (NND) or an Average Danish Diet for 26 weeks in a controlled, free-living setting. SUBJECTS: Sixty four moderately obese women and men (44 ± 2 y; body mass index, 31 ± 1 kg/m(2)). INTERVENTION: Fasting blood samples and biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAT) were obtained at week 0 and 26. OUTCOME: Gene and protein expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Improved homeostasis homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance index and lowered plasma triacylglycerol concentration after NND coincided with molecular adaptations in SCAT but not in skeletal muscle. NND induced greater reduction in fat mass than ADD (-6 ± 1 kg and -2 ± 1 kg; P < .01). In SCAT this was associated with increased AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation (P < .05). Concomitantly, NND induced up-regulation of Akt2 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (P < .05) as well as fatty acid transport protein 4 and membrane associated fatty acid binding protein (P < .05). Indices of increased oxidative capacity were observed, as carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 mRNA (P = .08) as well as citrate synthase (P = .1) and cytochrome c (P = .05) protein tended to increase. CONCLUSION: NND-induced metabolic improvements were accompanied by increased AMPK signaling in SCAT, suggesting a role of AMPK in these adaptations. The concomitant up-regulation of key glucose and lipid-handling proteins suggests an improved metabolic capacity in adipose tissue after weight loss.
CONTEXT: The molecular mechanisms behind diet-induced metabolic improvements remain to be studied. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate whether expression of proteins in skeletal muscle or adipose tissue could explain improvements in glucose and lipid homeostasis after weight loss. DESIGN: Volunteers consumed a New Nordic Diet (NND) or an Average Danish Diet for 26 weeks in a controlled, free-living setting. SUBJECTS: Sixty four moderately obesewomen and men (44 ± 2 y; body mass index, 31 ± 1 kg/m(2)). INTERVENTION: Fasting blood samples and biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAT) were obtained at week 0 and 26. OUTCOME: Gene and protein expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Improved homeostasis homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance index and lowered plasma triacylglycerol concentration after NND coincided with molecular adaptations in SCAT but not in skeletal muscle. NND induced greater reduction in fat mass than ADD (-6 ± 1 kg and -2 ± 1 kg; P < .01). In SCAT this was associated with increased AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation (P < .05). Concomitantly, NND induced up-regulation of Akt2 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (P < .05) as well as fatty acid transport protein 4 and membrane associated fatty acid binding protein (P < .05). Indices of increased oxidative capacity were observed, as carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 mRNA (P = .08) as well as citrate synthase (P = .1) and cytochrome c (P = .05) protein tended to increase. CONCLUSION:NND-induced metabolic improvements were accompanied by increased AMPK signaling in SCAT, suggesting a role of AMPK in these adaptations. The concomitant up-regulation of key glucose and lipid-handling proteins suggests an improved metabolic capacity in adipose tissue after weight loss.
Authors: Emilio P Mottillo; Eric M Desjardins; Justin D Crane; Brennan K Smith; Alex E Green; Serge Ducommun; Tora I Henriksen; Irena A Rebalka; Aida Razi; Kei Sakamoto; Camilla Scheele; Bruce E Kemp; Thomas J Hawke; Joaquin Ortega; James G Granneman; Gregory R Steinberg Journal: Cell Metab Date: 2016-07-12 Impact factor: 27.287
Authors: Anne-Marie Lundsgaard; Andreas M Fritzen; Kim A Sjøberg; Lene S Myrmel; Lise Madsen; Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski; Erik A Richter; Bente Kiens Journal: Mol Metab Date: 2016-11-16 Impact factor: 7.422
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