BACKGROUND: Priming doses of alcohol are associated with increased desire to drink and disinhibitory effects on subsequent control over drinking. Despite the importance of alcohol priming in the cue-reactivity literature, the effects of priming on brain responses to alcohol cues remains unclear. Furthermore, evidence suggests this relationship may be moderated by OPRM1 genotype. METHODS: Twenty individuals with alcohol dependence (six females; 90% Caucasian; mean age = 29.4) who were prospectively genotyped on the OPRM1 gene underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, before and after a priming dose of alcohol, each including a gustatory alcohol cue reactivity paradigm and self-reported craving measures. RESULTS: Self-reported alcohol craving generally increased and remained higher for alcohol versus water cue presentations across pre- and post-priming scans. Compared to alcohol cues delivered during the post-priming scan, alcohol cues delivered pre-priming were associated with greater activation in regions including the hippocampus, amygdala, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal cortex, and occipital cortex. Controlling for alcoholism severity increased statistical significance of activation in these regions. Follow-up analyses revealed a positive correlation between alcoholism severity and pre- versus post-priming alcohol cue-reactivity primarily in frontal regions. OPRM1 genotype was also found to moderate alcohol cue-reactivity across scans. CONCLUSION: This study provides initial evidence of alcohol cue-elicited habituation in fronto-temporal regions, despite continued craving, following a priming dose of alcohol. Further, it provides preliminary evidence for moderating roles of alcoholism severity and OPRM1 genotype on priming-related changes in cue-reactivity, adding to our understanding of the function of alcohol priming in alcohol dependence.
BACKGROUND: Priming doses of alcohol are associated with increased desire to drink and disinhibitory effects on subsequent control over drinking. Despite the importance of alcohol priming in the cue-reactivity literature, the effects of priming on brain responses to alcohol cues remains unclear. Furthermore, evidence suggests this relationship may be moderated by OPRM1 genotype. METHODS: Twenty individuals with alcohol dependence (six females; 90% Caucasian; mean age = 29.4) who were prospectively genotyped on the OPRM1 gene underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, before and after a priming dose of alcohol, each including a gustatory alcohol cue reactivity paradigm and self-reported craving measures. RESULTS: Self-reported alcohol craving generally increased and remained higher for alcohol versus water cue presentations across pre- and post-priming scans. Compared to alcohol cues delivered during the post-priming scan, alcohol cues delivered pre-priming were associated with greater activation in regions including the hippocampus, amygdala, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal cortex, and occipital cortex. Controlling for alcoholism severity increased statistical significance of activation in these regions. Follow-up analyses revealed a positive correlation between alcoholism severity and pre- versus post-priming alcohol cue-reactivity primarily in frontal regions. OPRM1 genotype was also found to moderate alcohol cue-reactivity across scans. CONCLUSION: This study provides initial evidence of alcohol cue-elicited habituation in fronto-temporal regions, despite continued craving, following a priming dose of alcohol. Further, it provides preliminary evidence for moderating roles of alcoholism severity and OPRM1 genotype on priming-related changes in cue-reactivity, adding to our understanding of the function of alcohol priming in alcohol dependence.
Authors: Lara A Ray; Spencer Bujarski; James MacKillop; Kelly E Courtney; Peter M Monti; Karen Miotto Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2012-12-14 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Francesca M Filbey; Lara Ray; Andrew Smolen; Eric D Claus; Amy Audette; Kent E Hutchison Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2008-07 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Veronique Bragulat; Mario Dzemidzic; Thomas Talavage; Dena Davidson; Sean J O'Connor; David A Kareken Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2008-07 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: T Schulte; Y-C Jung; E V Sullivan; A Pfefferbaum; M Serventi; E M Müller-Oehring Journal: Brain Imaging Behav Date: 2017-12 Impact factor: 3.978
Authors: Jacqueline M Otto; Ian R Gizer; Joseph D Deak; Kimberly A Fleming; Bruce D Bartholow Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2017-04-10 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Aaron C Lim; Dara G Ghahremani; Erica N Grodin; ReJoyce Green; Spencer Bujarski; Emily E Hartwell; Kelly E Courtney; Kent Hutchison; Karen Miotto; Lara A Ray Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-05-09 Impact factor: 4.852
Authors: Anita Cservenka; Kelly E Courtney; Dara G Ghahremani; Kent E Hutchison; Lara A Ray Journal: Alcohol Alcohol Date: 2017-09-01 Impact factor: 2.826
Authors: Miriam Sebold; Maria Garbusow; Deniz Cerci; Ke Chen; Christian Sommer; Quentin Jm Huys; Stephan Nebe; Michael Rapp; Ilya M Veer; Ulrich S Zimmermann; Michael N Smolka; Henrik Walter; Andreas Heinz; Eva Friedel Journal: J Psychopharmacol Date: 2021-03-16 Impact factor: 4.153