Martin O Edwards1, Sarah J Kotecha1, John Lowe1, Louise Richards2, W John Watkins1, Sailesh Kotecha3. 1. Department of Child Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom. 2. NHS Wales Informatics Service, Cardiff, United Kingdom. 3. Department of Child Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom. Electronic address: kotechas@cardiff.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Early term-born (37-38 weeks' gestation) infants have increased respiratory morbidity during the neonatal period compared with full term-born (39-42 weeks' gestation) infants, but longer-term respiratory morbidity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether early term-born children have greater respiratory symptoms and health care use in childhood compared with full term-born children. METHODS: We surveyed 1- to 10-year-old term-born children (n = 13,361). Questionnaires assessed respiratory outcomes with additional data gathered from national health databases. RESULTS: Of 2,845 eligible participants, 545 were early term-born and 2,300 were full term-born. Early term-born children had higher rates of admission to the neonatal unit (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5) and admission to the hospital during their first year of life (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.1). Forty-eight percent of early term-born children less than 5 years old reported wheeze ever compared with 39% of full term-born children (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9), and 26% versus 17% reported recent wheezing (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4). Early term-born children older than 5 years reported higher rates of wheeze ever (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.05-1.8) and recent wheezing over the last 12 months than full-term control subjects (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.02-2.0). Increased rates of respiratory symptoms in early term-born children persisted when family history of atopy and delivery by means of cesarean sections were included in logistic regression models. CONCLUSION: Early term-born children had significantly increased respiratory morbidity and use of health care services when compared with full term-born children, even when stratified by mode of delivery and family history of atopy.
BACKGROUND: Early term-born (37-38 weeks' gestation) infants have increased respiratory morbidity during the neonatal period compared with full term-born (39-42 weeks' gestation) infants, but longer-term respiratory morbidity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether early term-born children have greater respiratory symptoms and health care use in childhood compared with full term-born children. METHODS: We surveyed 1- to 10-year-old term-born children (n = 13,361). Questionnaires assessed respiratory outcomes with additional data gathered from national health databases. RESULTS: Of 2,845 eligible participants, 545 were early term-born and 2,300 were full term-born. Early term-born children had higher rates of admission to the neonatal unit (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5) and admission to the hospital during their first year of life (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.1). Forty-eight percent of early term-born children less than 5 years old reported wheeze ever compared with 39% of full term-born children (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9), and 26% versus 17% reported recent wheezing (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4). Early term-born children older than 5 years reported higher rates of wheeze ever (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.05-1.8) and recent wheezing over the last 12 months than full-term control subjects (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.02-2.0). Increased rates of respiratory symptoms in early term-born children persisted when family history of atopy and delivery by means of cesarean sections were included in logistic regression models. CONCLUSION: Early term-born children had significantly increased respiratory morbidity and use of health care services when compared with full term-born children, even when stratified by mode of delivery and family history of atopy.
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