Salwa Zehdi-Azouzi1, Emira Cherif2, Souhila Moussouni3, Muriel Gros-Balthazard2, Summar Abbas Naqvi3, Bertha Ludeña2, Karina Castillo3, Nathalie Chabrillange3, Nadia Bouguedoura3, Malika Bennaceur3, Farida Si-Dehbi3, Sabira Abdoulkader3, Abdourahman Daher3, Jean-Frederic Terral3, Sylvain Santoni3, Marco Ballardini3, Antonio Mercuri3, Mohamed Ben Salah3, Karim Kadri3, Ahmed Othmani3, Claudio Littardi3, Amel Salhi-Hannachi3, Jean-Christophe Pintaud3, Frédérique Aberlenc-Bertossi3. 1. Université Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Campus universitaire El Manar, 2092, Tunisia, IRD, UMR DIADE-F2F, DYNADIV, and EVODYN teams, 911 Av. Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), BP 32 Bab Ezzouar-El Alia, 16111, Alger, Algeria, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, équipe Dynamique de la biodiversité, anthropo-écologie, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 065, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38040 Faisalabad, Pakistan, School of Biology, Yachay-Tech, Yachay City of Knowledge, 100119 Urcuqui, Ecuador, Université Oran1-Ahmed Ben Bella, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Département de Biologie, BP 1524 El Mnaouar, 31000 Oran, Algérie, ISV/CERD, route de l'Aéroport, BP 486, Djibouti, INRA, UMR AGAP, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, Cedex 1, France, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura-Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali (CRA-FSO), Corso degli Inglesi 508, I-18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy, Centre Régional de Recherche en Agriculture Oasienne, 2260 Degueche, Tunisia and Centro Studi e Ricerche per le Palme, Corso F. Cavallotti 113, 18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy salwa.zehdi@fst.rnu.tn szehdi@gmail.com. 2. Université Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Campus universitaire El Manar, 2092, Tunisia, IRD, UMR DIADE-F2F, DYNADIV, and EVODYN teams, 911 Av. Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), BP 32 Bab Ezzouar-El Alia, 16111, Alger, Algeria, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, équipe Dynamique de la biodiversité, anthropo-écologie, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 065, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38040 Faisalabad, Pakistan, School of Biology, Yachay-Tech, Yachay City of Knowledge, 100119 Urcuqui, Ecuador, Université Oran1-Ahmed Ben Bella, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Département de Biologie, BP 1524 El Mnaouar, 31000 Oran, Algérie, ISV/CERD, route de l'Aéroport, BP 486, Djibouti, INRA, UMR AGAP, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, Cedex 1, France, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura-Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali (CRA-FSO), Corso degli Inglesi 508, I-18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy, Centre Régional de Recherche en Agriculture Oasienne, 2260 Degueche, Tunisia and Centro Studi e Ricerche per le Palme, Corso F. Cavallotti 113, 18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy Université Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Campus universitaire El Manar, 2092, Tunisia, IRD, UMR DIADE-F2F, DYNADIV, and EVODYN teams, 911 Av. Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), BP 32 Bab Ezzouar-El Alia, 16111, Alger, Algeria, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, équipe D 3. Université Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Campus universitaire El Manar, 2092, Tunisia, IRD, UMR DIADE-F2F, DYNADIV, and EVODYN teams, 911 Av. Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), BP 32 Bab Ezzouar-El Alia, 16111, Alger, Algeria, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, équipe Dynamique de la biodiversité, anthropo-écologie, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 065, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38040 Faisalabad, Pakistan, School of Biology, Yachay-Tech, Yachay City of Knowledge, 100119 Urcuqui, Ecuador, Université Oran1-Ahmed Ben Bella, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Département de Biologie, BP 1524 El Mnaouar, 31000 Oran, Algérie, ISV/CERD, route de l'Aéroport, BP 486, Djibouti, INRA, UMR AGAP, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, Cedex 1, France, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura-Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali (CRA-FSO), Corso degli Inglesi 508, I-18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy, Centre Régional de Recherche en Agriculture Oasienne, 2260 Degueche, Tunisia and Centro Studi e Ricerche per le Palme, Corso F. Cavallotti 113, 18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, Arecaceae) are of great economic and ecological value to the oasis agriculture of arid and semi-arid areas. However, despite the availability of a large date palm germplasm spreading from the Atlantic shores to Southern Asia, improvement of the species is being hampered by a lack of information on global genetic diversity and population structure. In order to contribute to the varietal improvement of date palms and to provide new insights on the influence of geographic origins and human activity on the genetic structure of the date palm, this study analysed the diversity of the species. METHODS: Genetic diversity levels and population genetic structure were investigated through the genotyping of a collection of 295 date palm accessions ranging from Mauritania to Pakistan using a set of 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and a plastid minisatellite. KEY RESULTS: Using a Bayesian clustering approach, the date palm genotypes can be structured into two different gene pools: the first, termed the Eastern pool, consists of accessions from Asia and Djibouti, whilst the second, termed the Western pool, consists of accessions from Africa. These results confirm the existence of two ancient gene pools that have contributed to the current date palm diversity. The presence of admixed genotypes is also noted, which points at gene flows between eastern and western origins, mostly from east to west, following a human-mediated diffusion of the species. CONCLUSIONS: This study assesses the distribution and level of genetic diversity of accessible date palm resources, provides new insights on the geographic origins and genetic history of the cultivated component of this species, and confirms the existence of at least two domestication origins. Furthermore, the strong genetic structure clearly established here is a prerequisite for any breeding programme exploiting the effective polymorphism related to each gene pool.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, Arecaceae) are of great economic and ecological value to the oasis agriculture of arid and semi-arid areas. However, despite the availability of a large date palm germplasm spreading from the Atlantic shores to Southern Asia, improvement of the species is being hampered by a lack of information on global genetic diversity and population structure. In order to contribute to the varietal improvement of date palms and to provide new insights on the influence of geographic origins and human activity on the genetic structure of the date palm, this study analysed the diversity of the species. METHODS: Genetic diversity levels and population genetic structure were investigated through the genotyping of a collection of 295 date palm accessions ranging from Mauritania to Pakistan using a set of 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and a plastid minisatellite. KEY RESULTS: Using a Bayesian clustering approach, the date palm genotypes can be structured into two different gene pools: the first, termed the Eastern pool, consists of accessions from Asia and Djibouti, whilst the second, termed the Western pool, consists of accessions from Africa. These results confirm the existence of two ancient gene pools that have contributed to the current date palm diversity. The presence of admixed genotypes is also noted, which points at gene flows between eastern and western origins, mostly from east to west, following a human-mediated diffusion of the species. CONCLUSIONS: This study assesses the distribution and level of genetic diversity of accessible date palm resources, provides new insights on the geographic origins and genetic history of the cultivated component of this species, and confirms the existence of at least two domestication origins. Furthermore, the strong genetic structure clearly established here is a prerequisite for any breeding programme exploiting the effective polymorphism related to each gene pool.
Authors: G Besnard; B Khadari; M Navascués; M Fernández-Mazuecos; A El Bakkali; N Arrigo; D Baali-Cherif; V Brunini-Bronzini de Caraffa; S Santoni; P Vargas; V Savolainen Journal: Proc Biol Sci Date: 2013-02-06 Impact factor: 5.349
Authors: Muriel Gros-Balthazard; Jonathan M Flowers; Khaled M Hazzouri; Sylvie Ferrand; Frédérique Aberlenc; Sarah Sallon; Michael D Purugganan Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2021-05-11 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Yasmin A Mohamoud; Lisa S Mathew; Maria F Torres; Shameem Younuskunju; Robert Krueger; Karsten Suhre; Joel A Malek Journal: BMC Genomics Date: 2019-06-17 Impact factor: 3.969