PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The sunflower genus Helianthus has long been recognized as economically significant, containing species of agricultural and horticultural importance. Additionally, this genus displays a large range of phenotypic and genetic variation, making Helianthus a useful system for studying evolutionary and ecological processes. Here we present the most robust Helianthus phylogeny to date, laying the foundation for future studies of this genus. METHODS: We used a target enrichment approach across 37 diploid Helianthus species/subspecies with a total of 103 accessions. This technique garnered 170 genes used for both coalescent and concatenation analyses. The resulting phylogeny was additionally used to examine the evolution of life history and growth form across the genus. KEY RESULTS: Coalescent and concatenation approaches were largely congruent, resolving a large annual clade and two large perennial clades. However, several relationships deeper within the phylogeny were more weakly supported and incongruent among analyses including the placement of H. agrestis, H. cusickii, H. gracilentus, H. mollis, and H. occidentalis. CONCLUSIONS: The current phylogeny supports three major clades including a large annual clade, a southeastern perennial clade, and another clade of primarily large-statured perennials. Relationships among taxa are more consistent with early phylogenies of the genus using morphological and crossing data than recent efforts using single genes, which highlight the difficulties of phylogenetic estimation in genera known for reticulate evolution. Additionally, conflict and low support at the base of the perennial clades may suggest a rapid radiation and/or ancient introgression within the genus.
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The sunflower genus Helianthus has long been recognized as economically significant, containing species of agricultural and horticultural importance. Additionally, this genus displays a large range of phenotypic and genetic variation, making Helianthus a useful system for studying evolutionary and ecological processes. Here we present the most robust Helianthus phylogeny to date, laying the foundation for future studies of this genus. METHODS: We used a target enrichment approach across 37 diploid Helianthus species/subspecies with a total of 103 accessions. This technique garnered 170 genes used for both coalescent and concatenation analyses. The resulting phylogeny was additionally used to examine the evolution of life history and growth form across the genus. KEY RESULTS: Coalescent and concatenation approaches were largely congruent, resolving a large annual clade and two large perennial clades. However, several relationships deeper within the phylogeny were more weakly supported and incongruent among analyses including the placement of H. agrestis, H. cusickii, H. gracilentus, H. mollis, and H. occidentalis. CONCLUSIONS: The current phylogeny supports three major clades including a large annual clade, a southeastern perennial clade, and another clade of primarily large-statured perennials. Relationships among taxa are more consistent with early phylogenies of the genus using morphological and crossing data than recent efforts using single genes, which highlight the difficulties of phylogenetic estimation in genera known for reticulate evolution. Additionally, conflict and low support at the base of the perennial clades may suggest a rapid radiation and/or ancient introgression within the genus.
Authors: Marco Todesco; Gregory L Owens; Natalia Bercovich; Jean-Sébastien Légaré; Shaghayegh Soudi; Dylan O Burge; Kaichi Huang; Katherine L Ostevik; Emily B M Drummond; Ivana Imerovski; Kathryn Lande; Mariana A Pascual-Robles; Mihir Nanavati; Mojtaba Jahani; Winnie Cheung; S Evan Staton; Stéphane Muños; Rasmus Nielsen; Lisa A Donovan; John M Burke; Sam Yeaman; Loren H Rieseberg Journal: Nature Date: 2020-07-08 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Marco Todesco; Natalia Bercovich; Amy Kim; Ivana Imerovski; Gregory L Owens; Óscar Dorado Ruiz; Srinidhi V Holalu; Lufiani L Madilao; Mojtaba Jahani; Jean-Sébastien Légaré; Benjamin K Blackman; Loren H Rieseberg Journal: Elife Date: 2022-01-18 Impact factor: 8.140
Authors: Matthew G Johnson; Elliot M Gardner; Yang Liu; Rafael Medina; Bernard Goffinet; A Jonathan Shaw; Nyree J C Zerega; Norman J Wickett Journal: Appl Plant Sci Date: 2016-07-12 Impact factor: 1.936
Authors: James A Nicholls; R Toby Pennington; Erik J M Koenen; Colin E Hughes; Jack Hearn; Lynsey Bunnefeld; Kyle G Dexter; Graham N Stone; Catherine A Kidner Journal: Front Plant Sci Date: 2015-09-17 Impact factor: 5.753