Crystal structure of [1,1'-biphen-yl]-2,2'-dicarbo-nitrile.

The complete mol-ecule of the title compound, C14H8N2, is generated by a twofold rotation axis located at the midpoint of the biphenyl C-C bond. The dihedral angle between the symmetry-related phenyl rings is 46.16 (3)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by slipped parallel π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.9451 (7) Å, normal distance = 3.6293 (5) Å, slippage 1.547 Å], forming columns along the b-axis direction.

Related literature

The title compound has been used as a reactant for phthalocyanine synthesis (Shimizu et al., 2011 ▸, 2014 ▸). Related crystal structures were reported by Furukawa et al. (2008 ▸) and Paek et al. (1989 ▸). For synthetic details, see: Wu et al. (2007 ▸).

Experimental

Crystal data

C14H8N2

M = 204.22

Monoclinic,

a = 15.7839 (9) Å

b = 3.9451 (2) Å

c = 16.6079 (9) Å

β = 101.630 (3)°

V = 1012.93 (9) Å3

Z = 4

Mo Kα radiation

μ = 0.08 mm−1

T = 173 K

0.43 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm

Data collection

Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer

Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009 ▸) T min = 0.966, T max = 0.995

4708 measured reflections

1157 independent reflections

988 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

R int = 0.030

Refinement

R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.042

wR(F 2) = 0.116

S = 1.09

1157 reflections

73 parameters

H-atom parameters constrained

Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3

Δρmin = −0.24 e Å−3

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009 ▸); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009 ▸); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2010 ▸); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015009561/wm5163sup1.cif

Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015009561/wm5163Isup2.hkl

Click here for additional data file.

Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015009561/wm5163Isup3.cml

Click here for additional data file.

x y z . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015009561/wm5163fig1.tif

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound with the atom-numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. H atoms are shown as small spheres of arbitrary radius. Symmetry-related atoms (not labelled) are generated by symmetry code x + 1, y, −z + .

Click here for additional data file.

b Cg Cg i Cg x y z . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015009561/wm5163fig2.tif

Crystal packing viewed along the b axis. The inter­molecular π–π inter­actions between the phenyl ring systems [Cg1⋯Cg1i, 3.9451 (7) Å; Cg1 is the centroid of the C2⋯C7 ring; symmetry code (i): x, y − 1, z] are shown as dashed lines. They link mol­ecules into columns along [010].

CCDC reference: 1401615

Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

C14H8N2	F(000) = 424
Mr = 204.22	Dx = 1.339 Mg m−3
Monoclinic, C2/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 15.7839 (9) Å	Cell parameters from 1375 reflections
b = 3.9451 (2) Å	θ = 3.3–27.5°
c = 16.6079 (9) Å	µ = 0.08 mm−1
β = 101.630 (3)°	T = 173 K
V = 1012.93 (9) Å3	Block, colourless
Z = 4	0.43 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm

Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer	1157 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	988 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	Rint = 0.030
φ and ω scans	θmax = 27.6°, θmin = 3.3°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009)	h = −20→20
Tmin = 0.966, Tmax = 0.995	k = −5→1
4708 measured reflections	l = −21→19

Refinement on F2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.116	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.09	w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0584P)2 + 0.5212P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
1157 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
73 parameters	Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3
0 restraints	Δρmin = −0.24 e Å−3

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
N1	0.58879 (7)	0.3650 (3)	0.08819 (7)	0.0323 (3)
C1	0.53155 (8)	0.2522 (3)	0.11172 (7)	0.0233 (3)
C2	0.45640 (7)	0.1152 (3)	0.13725 (7)	0.0206 (3)
C3	0.37963 (8)	0.1099 (3)	0.07828 (7)	0.0244 (3)
H3	0.3791	0.1894	0.0242	0.029*
C4	0.30457 (8)	−0.0108 (3)	0.09854 (8)	0.0273 (3)
H4	0.2522	−0.0139	0.0586	0.033*
C5	0.30609 (8)	−0.1274 (3)	0.17741 (8)	0.0257 (3)
H5	0.2545	−0.2117	0.1914	0.031*
C6	0.38225 (8)	−0.1224 (3)	0.23640 (7)	0.0231 (3)
H6	0.3819	−0.2037	0.2902	0.028*
C7	0.45930 (7)	−0.0004 (3)	0.21832 (7)	0.0196 (3)

	U11	U22	U33	U12	U13	U23
N1	0.0275 (6)	0.0450 (7)	0.0253 (6)	−0.0066 (5)	0.0075 (4)	0.0013 (5)
C1	0.0244 (6)	0.0277 (7)	0.0176 (6)	−0.0017 (5)	0.0034 (4)	−0.0014 (5)
C2	0.0208 (6)	0.0225 (6)	0.0194 (6)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0059 (4)	−0.0015 (4)
C3	0.0258 (6)	0.0290 (7)	0.0180 (6)	−0.0002 (5)	0.0037 (5)	0.0003 (4)
C4	0.0214 (6)	0.0331 (7)	0.0255 (7)	−0.0011 (5)	0.0000 (5)	−0.0016 (5)
C5	0.0206 (6)	0.0286 (6)	0.0286 (7)	−0.0028 (5)	0.0069 (5)	−0.0006 (5)
C6	0.0245 (6)	0.0239 (6)	0.0216 (6)	−0.0017 (5)	0.0068 (5)	0.0020 (4)
C7	0.0205 (6)	0.0187 (6)	0.0199 (6)	0.0012 (4)	0.0044 (5)	−0.0013 (4)

N1—C1	1.1443 (16)	C4—H4	0.9500
C1—C2	1.4427 (16)	C5—C6	1.3893 (17)
C2—C3	1.3963 (16)	C5—H5	0.9500
C2—C7	1.4135 (16)	C6—C7	1.3957 (16)
C3—C4	1.3800 (17)	C6—H6	0.9500
C3—H3	0.9500	C7—C7i	1.488 (2)
C4—C5	1.3839 (18)
N1—C1—C2	176.92 (12)	C4—C5—C6	120.68 (11)
C3—C2—C7	121.34 (11)	C4—C5—H5	119.7
C3—C2—C1	116.62 (10)	C6—C5—H5	119.7
C7—C2—C1	122.02 (10)	C5—C6—C7	121.38 (11)
C4—C3—C2	120.04 (11)	C5—C6—H6	119.3
C4—C3—H3	120.0	C7—C6—H6	119.3
C2—C3—H3	120.0	C6—C7—C2	116.99 (11)
C3—C4—C5	119.57 (11)	C6—C7—C7i	120.90 (12)
C3—C4—H4	120.2	C2—C7—C7i	122.09 (12)
C5—C4—H4	120.2
C7—C2—C3—C4	−0.18 (18)	C5—C6—C7—C7i	−179.21 (9)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−178.65 (11)	C3—C2—C7—C6	0.51 (17)
C2—C3—C4—C5	−0.26 (19)	C1—C2—C7—C6	178.91 (11)
C3—C4—C5—C6	0.34 (19)	C3—C2—C7—C7i	179.27 (9)
C4—C5—C6—C7	0.02 (19)	C1—C2—C7—C7i	−2.34 (15)
C5—C6—C7—C2	−0.44 (17)