Using focus groups to inform the development of stroke recovery and prevention programs for younger African-American (AA) men.

OBJECTIVE: To assess perceived facilitators and recommendations for stroke recovery and prevention among younger African-American (AA) men (age < 65 years) in order to inform the development and pilot testing of an intervention for this high-risk group.
METHODS: Focus group methodology was used to collect data from 10 community-dwelling AA stroke survivors and seven of their care partners (CPs) (N = 17). Thematic analysis of session transcripts and the constant comparative method were used to generate themes.
RESULTS: Participants cited facilitators to post-stroke care and recovery as Family Support, Stress Reduction, and Dietary Changes. Specific person-level recommendations for AA men included following established stroke guidelines, use of complementary and alternative medicine, and never give up recovery efforts. Community-level recommendations included making a list of community resources available, providing support and education to care partners, using videos that feature AA men to deliver information and use AA men stroke survivors to help disseminate the information. Provider and health system recommendations included consolidation of medical bills, improving provider communication skills, and making providers aware of needs specific to AA men and their families.
CONCLUSIONS: While AA men and their CPs acknowledged and welcomed learning more about the American Health Association Stroke Prevention Guidelines, it is clear that they desired approaches that addressed their specific needs and preferences as young AA men who sometimes felt de-valued by their community and care providers. Specific person, community and care-system level approaches that are of perceived value to AA men offer potential to improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities.