Satoshi Usami1, Mutsumi Okazaki1, Yoshiaki Wakabayashi2. 1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519 Japan. 2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.