Juan Carlos Mora1, Antoine Schneider2, Raymond Robbins3, Michael Bailey4, Bronwyn Bebee2, Yu-Feng Frank Hsiao2, Julie Considine5, Daryl Jones6, Rinaldo Bellomo6. 1. Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: juancarlosmora@doctors.net.uk. 2. Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Department of Administrative Informatics, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 4. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia. 5. Eastern Health - Deakin University Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre/Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia. 6. Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rapid Response Team (RRT) calls can often occur within 24h of hospital admission to a general ward. We seek to determine whether it is possible to identify these patients before there is a significant clinical deterioration. METHODS: Retrospective case-controlled study comparing patient characteristics, vital signs, and hospital outcomes in patients triggering RRT activation within 24h of ED admission (cases) with matched ED admissions not receiving a RRT call (controls). RESULTS: Over 12 months, there were 154 early RRT calls. Compared with controls, cases had a higher heart rate (HR) at triage (92 vs. 84 beats/min; p=0.008); after 3h in the ED (91 vs. 80 beats/min; p=0.0007); and at ED discharge (91 vs. 81 beats/min; p=0.0005). Respiratory rate (RR) was also higher at triage (21.2 vs. 19.2 breaths/min; p=0.001). On multiple variable analysis, RR at triage and HR before ward transfer predicted early RRT activation: OR 1.07 [95% CI 1.02-1.12] for each 1 breath/min increase in RR; and 1.02 [95% CI 1.002-1.030] for each beat/minute increase in HR, respectively. Study patients required transfer to the intensive care in approximately 20% of cases and also had a greater mortality: (21% vs. 6%; OR 4.65 [95% CI 1.86-11.65]; p=0.0003) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: Patients that trigger RRT calls within 24h of admission have a fourfold increase in risk of in-hospital mortality. Such patients may be identified by greater tachycardia and tachypnoea in the ED.
BACKGROUND: Rapid Response Team (RRT) calls can often occur within 24h of hospital admission to a general ward. We seek to determine whether it is possible to identify these patients before there is a significant clinical deterioration. METHODS: Retrospective case-controlled study comparing patient characteristics, vital signs, and hospital outcomes in patients triggering RRT activation within 24h of ED admission (cases) with matched ED admissions not receiving a RRT call (controls). RESULTS: Over 12 months, there were 154 early RRT calls. Compared with controls, cases had a higher heart rate (HR) at triage (92 vs. 84 beats/min; p=0.008); after 3h in the ED (91 vs. 80 beats/min; p=0.0007); and at ED discharge (91 vs. 81 beats/min; p=0.0005). Respiratory rate (RR) was also higher at triage (21.2 vs. 19.2 breaths/min; p=0.001). On multiple variable analysis, RR at triage and HR before ward transfer predicted early RRT activation: OR 1.07 [95% CI 1.02-1.12] for each 1 breath/min increase in RR; and 1.02 [95% CI 1.002-1.030] for each beat/minute increase in HR, respectively. Study patients required transfer to the intensive care in approximately 20% of cases and also had a greater mortality: (21% vs. 6%; OR 4.65 [95% CI 1.86-11.65]; p=0.0003) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS:Patients that trigger RRT calls within 24h of admission have a fourfold increase in risk of in-hospital mortality. Such patients may be identified by greater tachycardia and tachypnoea in the ED.
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