Charles C Chima1, Luisa Franzini2. 1. Division of Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, Texas 77030, USA chimacharles@gmail.com. 2. Division of Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Health aid to Nigeria increased tremendously in the last decade and a significant portion of the funds were earmarked for HIV-associated programs. Studies on the impact of HIV-specific aid on the delivery of non-HIV health services in sub-Saharan Africa have yielded mixed results. This study assessed if there is a spillover effect of HIV-specific aid on childhood vaccinations in Nigeria. METHODS: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of aid disbursements in a previous year on the receipt of vaccines at the individual level in a given year. Estimations were done for approximately 11 700 children using data from demographic and health surveys conducted in Nigeria in 2003 and 2008. RESULTS: US$1 increase in HIV aid per capita was associated with a decrease in the probability of receipt of vaccines by 8-31%: polio first dose decreased by 8%; polio final dose by 9%; diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) first dose by 11%; DPT final dose by 19%; measles by 31%; final doses of polio and DPT plus measles vaccine by 8%. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-specific aid had a negative spillover effect on immunization services in Nigeria over the study period. Donors may need to rethink their funding strategies in favour of more horizontal approaches.
BACKGROUND: Health aid to Nigeria increased tremendously in the last decade and a significant portion of the funds were earmarked for HIV-associated programs. Studies on the impact of HIV-specific aid on the delivery of non-HIV health services in sub-Saharan Africa have yielded mixed results. This study assessed if there is a spillover effect of HIV-specific aid on childhood vaccinations in Nigeria. METHODS: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of aid disbursements in a previous year on the receipt of vaccines at the individual level in a given year. Estimations were done for approximately 11 700 children using data from demographic and health surveys conducted in Nigeria in 2003 and 2008. RESULTS: US$1 increase in HIV aid per capita was associated with a decrease in the probability of receipt of vaccines by 8-31%: polio first dose decreased by 8%; polio final dose by 9%; diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) first dose by 11%; DPT final dose by 19%; measles by 31%; final doses of polio and DPT plus measles vaccine by 8%. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-specific aid had a negative spillover effect on immunization services in Nigeria over the study period. Donors may need to rethink their funding strategies in favour of more horizontal approaches.
Authors: Alexandra Wollum; Emily Dansereau; Nancy Fullman; Jane Achan; Kelsey A Bannon; Roy Burstein; Ruben O Conner; Brendan DeCenso; Anne Gasasira; Annie Haakenstad; Michael Hanlon; Gloria Ikilezi; Caroline Kisia; Aubrey J Levine; Samuel H Masters; Pamela Njuguna; Emelda A Okiro; Thomas A Odeny; D Allen Roberts; Emmanuela Gakidou; Herbert C Duber Journal: BMC Health Serv Res Date: 2017-08-16 Impact factor: 2.655