Yan Y Lam1,2, Connie W Y Ha3, Jenny M A Hoffmann1,4, Jan Oscarsson5, Anuwat Dinudom1, Thomas J Mather1, David I Cook1, Nicholas H Hunt1, Ian D Caterson1, Andrew J Holmes1, Len H Storlien1. 1. Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 2. John S McIlhenny Skeletal Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. 3. School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 4. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 5. AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To distinguish the effects of dietary fat profile on gut parameters and their relationships with metabolic changes and to determine the capacity of n-3 fatty acids to modify gut variables in the context of diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions. METHODS: Mice received control or high-fat diets emphasizing saturated (HFD-sat), n-6 (HFD-n6), or n-3 (HFD-n3) fatty acids for 8 weeks. In another cohort, mice that were maintained on HFD-sat received n-3-rich fish oil or resolvin D1 supplementation. RESULTS: HFD-sat and HFD-n6 induced similar weight gain, but only HFD-sat increased index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation. Hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were one of the major groups driving the diet-specific changes in gut microbiome, with the overall microbial profile being associated with changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, and gut permeability. In mice maintained on HFD-sat, fish oil and resolvin D1 restored barrier function and reduced inflammation in the colon but were unable to normalize HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Different dietary fat profiles led to distinct intestinal and metabolic outcomes that are independent of obesity. Interventions targeting inflammation successfully restored gut health but did not reverse systemic aspects of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction, implicating separation between gut dysfunctions and disease-initiating and/or -maintaining processes.
OBJECTIVE: To distinguish the effects of dietary fat profile on gut parameters and their relationships with metabolic changes and to determine the capacity of n-3 fatty acids to modify gut variables in the context of diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions. METHODS:Mice received control or high-fat diets emphasizing saturated (HFD-sat), n-6 (HFD-n6), or n-3 (HFD-n3) fatty acids for 8 weeks. In another cohort, mice that were maintained on HFD-sat received n-3-rich fish oil or resolvin D1 supplementation. RESULTS: HFD-sat and HFD-n6 induced similar weight gain, but only HFD-sat increased index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation. Hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were one of the major groups driving the diet-specific changes in gut microbiome, with the overall microbial profile being associated with changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, and gut permeability. In mice maintained on HFD-sat, fish oil and resolvin D1 restored barrier function and reduced inflammation in the colon but were unable to normalize HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Different dietary fat profiles led to distinct intestinal and metabolic outcomes that are independent of obesity. Interventions targeting inflammation successfully restored gut health but did not reverse systemic aspects of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction, implicating separation between gut dysfunctions and disease-initiating and/or -maintaining processes.
Authors: Michael W Rohr; Chandrakala A Narasimhulu; Trina A Rudeski-Rohr; Sampath Parthasarathy Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2020-01-01 Impact factor: 8.701
Authors: Zora Djuric; Christine M Bassis; Melissa A Plegue; Ananda Sen; D Kim Turgeon; Kirk Herman; Vincent B Young; Dean E Brenner; Mack T Ruffin Journal: J Nutr Date: 2019-07-01 Impact factor: 4.798