Non-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery as the modality of choice for treatment of recurrent pleural effusions.

This review will establish that the best mode of treatment for recurrent pleural effusions is non-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) with chemical talc pleurodesis. The nature of recurrent pleural effusions mandates that any definitive and effective treatment of this condition should ideally provide direct visualization of the effusion, complete initial drainage, a low risk outpatient procedure, a high patient satisfaction rate, a high rate of pleurodesis and a high diagnostic yield for tissue diagnosis. There are various methods available for treatment of this condition including thoracostomy tube placement with bedside chemical pleurodesis, thoracentesis, placement of an indwelling pleural catheter, pleurectomy and VATS drainage with talc pleurodesis. Of these treatment options VATS drainage with the use of local anesthetic and intravenous sedation is the method that offers most of the desired outcomes, thus making it the best treatment modality.