AIMS: We studied the effects of the inhibition of the endogene antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) by ethacrynic acid (EA) on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and postconditioning (PC) in the lower extremities. We aimed to examine the oxidative stress parameters (OSP), inflammatory response and activation of proapoptotic signaling proteins (PSP) after revascularization surgery. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: control, IR, PC, EA-control, IR and administration of EA (IR/EA) and PC and administration of EA (PC/EA). The IR, PC, IR/EA and PC/EA groups underwent 60 min of infrarenal aortic cross-clamping. After that, PC was performed in the PC and PC/EA groups. In 3 of the groups, the animals were treated with EA (EA-control, IR/EA and PC/EA groups) as well. The ischemia was followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Blood samples and biopsy specimens were collected from the quadriceps muscle. Plasma malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, thiol/sulfhydryl group levels, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and superoxide-dismutase enzyme activity were measured. RESULTS: The levels of the OSP and the inflammatory proteins were higher in the EA-administered groups. The ratio of phosphorylated PSP was higher in the EA-administered groups and the protective effect of PC did not develop. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of GST by EA augmented the IR damage. GST inhibition was associated with a different activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases and the PSP, regulating these pathways in the process of apoptosis and PC.
AIMS: We studied the effects of the inhibition of the endogene antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) by ethacrynic acid (EA) on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and postconditioning (PC) in the lower extremities. We aimed to examine the oxidative stress parameters (OSP), inflammatory response and activation of proapoptotic signaling proteins (PSP) after revascularization surgery. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: control, IR, PC, EA-control, IR and administration of EA (IR/EA) and PC and administration of EA (PC/EA). The IR, PC, IR/EA and PC/EA groups underwent 60 min of infrarenal aortic cross-clamping. After that, PC was performed in the PC and PC/EA groups. In 3 of the groups, the animals were treated with EA (EA-control, IR/EA and PC/EA groups) as well. The ischemia was followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Blood samples and biopsy specimens were collected from the quadriceps muscle. Plasma malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, thiol/sulfhydryl group levels, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and superoxide-dismutase enzyme activity were measured. RESULTS: The levels of the OSP and the inflammatory proteins were higher in the EA-administered groups. The ratio of phosphorylated PSP was higher in the EA-administered groups and the protective effect of PC did not develop. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of GST by EA augmented the IR damage. GST inhibition was associated with a different activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases and the PSP, regulating these pathways in the process of apoptosis and PC.
Authors: Bożena Gabryel; Klaudia Bontor; Karolina Jarząbek; Marta Plato; Anna Pudełko; Grzegorz Machnik; Tomasz Urbanek Journal: Arch Med Sci Date: 2019-02-11 Impact factor: 3.318