Stem cells for the prevention of neonatal lung disease.

Preterm birth affects approximately 11% of all newborns worldwide and is a major risk factor for infant mortality and morbidity. A common complication of preterm birth is the chronic lung disease of prematurity called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Due to the lack of a specific treatment for BPD, preterm infants surviving with BPD face a lifelong risk of poor lung health. The therapeutic potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine is being harnessed for many diseases, including BPD. Compelling preclinical data using stem cells to prevent/repair lung damage in animal models of experimental BPD has built the basis for its translation into the clinic in preterm infants. This review highlights the exciting translation from bench to bedside that will hopefully lead in the near future to improved pulmonary outcomes in preterm infants.