Esmeralda García-Parra1, Héctor Ochoa-Díaz-López2, Rosario García-Miranda3, Laura Moreno-Altamirano4, Helda Morales5, Erin Ingrid Jane Estrada-Lugo6, Roberto Solís-Hernández7. 1. Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. egarcia@ecosur.edu.mx. 2. Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. hochoa@ecosur.mx. 3. Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. rgmiranda7@gmail.com. 4. Departamento de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Interior, Ciudad Universitaria.. lamorealmx@yahoo.com.mx. 5. Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas (México), México.. hmorales@ecosur.mx. 6. Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas (México), México.. eestrada@ecosur.mx. 7. Departamento de Salud. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas.. rsolis@ecosur.mx.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Mexico, in recent decades, has developed several programs to eradicate the problem of infant malnutrition <5 years, primarily among those living in rural and indigenous areas. However, there is insufficient evidence on these programs’ impact on child health and nutrition. OBJECTIVE: To describe the nutritional changes of two generations of brothers and sisters living in rural communities of Chiapas and who are Oportunidades beneficiaries. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. It was determined: underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight plus obesity. Older brothers and sisters were evaluated in 2002-2003, for 2010-2011 younger brothers and sisters were evaluated, both groups were <5 years of age at the time of data collection. RESULTS: Malnutrition, in its three types is a problem. 43.4% of brothers and sisters evaluated in 2010-2011 showed stunting, underweight prevalence declined from 18% to 13.2%, wasting (low weight for height) increased from 8.1% to 10.4%. Overweight and obesity increased significantly by 12 percentage points among brothers and sisters, from 24.8% in 2002-2003 to 36.8% in 2010-2011. Malnutrition among male children is lower than their brothers and sisters from the 2002-2003 generation (stunting p=<0.05), overweight and obesity was 10.9 percentage points higher than their brothers and sisters (26.4% to 37.3%). CONCLUSION: Children beneficiaries from Opportunities have not yet overcome chronic malnutrition problems. This study shows that there is not a clear impact in improving the nutritional status of the study population. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
UNLABELLED: Mexico, in recent decades, has developed several programs to eradicate the problem of infantmalnutrition <5 years, primarily among those living in rural and indigenous areas. However, there is insufficient evidence on these programs’ impact on child health and nutrition. OBJECTIVE: To describe the nutritional changes of two generations of brothers and sisters living in rural communities of Chiapas and who are Oportunidades beneficiaries. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. It was determined: underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight plus obesity. Older brothers and sisters were evaluated in 2002-2003, for 2010-2011 younger brothers and sisters were evaluated, both groups were <5 years of age at the time of data collection. RESULTS:Malnutrition, in its three types is a problem. 43.4% of brothers and sisters evaluated in 2010-2011 showed stunting, underweight prevalence declined from 18% to 13.2%, wasting (low weight for height) increased from 8.1% to 10.4%. Overweight and obesity increased significantly by 12 percentage points among brothers and sisters, from 24.8% in 2002-2003 to 36.8% in 2010-2011. Malnutrition among male children is lower than their brothers and sisters from the 2002-2003 generation (stunting p=<0.05), overweight and obesity was 10.9 percentage points higher than their brothers and sisters (26.4% to 37.3%). CONCLUSION:Children beneficiaries from Opportunities have not yet overcome chronic malnutrition problems. This study shows that there is not a clear impact in improving the nutritional status of the study population. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.