Georgina V Long1, Daniil Stroyakovskiy2, Helen Gogas3, Evgeny Levchenko4, Filippo de Braud5, James Larkin6, Claus Garbe7, Thomas Jouary8, Axel Hauschild9, Jean-Jacques Grob10, Vanna Chiarion-Sileni11, Celeste Lebbe12, Mario Mandalà13, Michael Millward14, Ana Arance15, Igor Bondarenko16, John B A G Haanen17, Johan Hansson18, Jochen Utikal19, Virginia Ferraresi20, Nadezhda Kovalenko21, Peter Mohr22, Volodymr Probachai23, Dirk Schadendorf24, Paul Nathan25, Caroline Robert26, Antoni Ribas27, Douglas J DeMarini28, Jhangir G Irani28, Suzanne Swann28, Jeffrey J Legos28, Fan Jin29, Bijoyesh Mookerjee28, Keith Flaherty30. 1. Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Mater Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: georgina.long@sydney.edu.au. 2. Moscow City Oncology Hospital, Moscow, Russia. 3. Department of Medicine, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece. 4. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia. 5. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. 6. Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK. 7. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. 8. Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint André, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. 9. University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. 10. Aix-Marseille University and APHM Hospital CHU Timone, Marseille, France. 11. Melanoma and Oesophageal Oncology Unit, Veneto Oncology Institute-IRCCS, Padua, Italy. 12. APHP Dermatology CIC Hôpital Saint Louis, University Paris Diderot, INSERM U976, Paris, France. 13. Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo, Italy. 14. Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Perth, WA, Australia. 15. Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, Barcelona, Spain. 16. Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. 17. Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 18. Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. 19. University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. 20. Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy. 21. Volograd Regional Oncology Dispensary #3, Volzhsky, Russia. 22. Elbe Klinikum Stade, Stade, Germany. 23. Dnipropetrovsk Clinical Oncology Center of Dnipropetrovsk State Council, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine. 24. University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. 25. Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK. 26. Gustave Roussy, Villejuif-Paris-Sud, France; Paris Sud University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. 27. David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 28. Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA. 29. Merck & Co, Kenilworth, NJ, USA. 30. Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previously, a study of ours showed that the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib improves progression-free survival compared with dabrafenib and placebo in patients with BRAF Val600Lys/Glu mutation-positive metastatic melanoma. The study was continued to assess the secondary endpoint of overall survival, which we report in this Article. METHODS: We did this double-blind phase 3 study at 113 sites in 14 countries. We enrolled previously untreated patients with BRAF Val600Glu or Val600Lys mutation-positive unresectable stage IIIC or stage IV melanoma. Participants were computer-randomised (1:1) to receive a combination of dabrafenib (150 mg orally twice daily) and trametinib (2 mg orally once daily), or dabrafenib and placebo. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival and overall survival was a secondary endpoint. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01584648. FINDINGS: Between May 4, 2012, and Nov 30, 2012, we screened 947 patients for eligibility, of whom 423 were randomly assigned to receive dabrafenib and trametinib (n=211) or dabrafenib only (n=212). The final data cutoff was Jan 12, 2015, at which time 222 patients had died. Median overall survival was 25·1 months (95% CI 19·2-not reached) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group versus 18·7 months (15·2-23·7) in the dabrafenib only group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·71, 95% CI 0·55-0·92; p=0·0107). Overall survival was 74% at 1 year and 51% at 2 years in the dabrafenib and trametinib group versus 68% and 42%, respectively, in the dabrafenib only group. Based on 301 events, median progression-free survival was 11·0 months (95% CI 8·0-13·9) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 8·8 months (5·9-9·3) in the dabrafenib only group (HR 0·67, 95% CI 0·53-0·84; p=0·0004; unadjusted for multiple testing). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 181 (87%) of 209 patients in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 189 (90%) of 211 patients in the dabrafenib only group; the most common was pyrexia (108 patients, 52%) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group, and hyperkeratosis (70 patients, 33%) in the dabrafenib only group. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 67 (32%) patients in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 66 (31%) patients in the dabrafenib only group. INTERPRETATION: The improvement in overall survival establishes the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib as the standard targeted treatment for BRAF Val600 mutation-positive melanoma. Studies assessing dabrafenib and trametinib in combination with immunotherapies are ongoing. FUNDING: GlaxoSmithKline.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Previously, a study of ours showed that the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib improves progression-free survival compared with dabrafenib and placebo in patients with BRAFVal600Lys/Glu mutation-positive metastatic melanoma. The study was continued to assess the secondary endpoint of overall survival, which we report in this Article. METHODS: We did this double-blind phase 3 study at 113 sites in 14 countries. We enrolled previously untreated patients with BRAFVal600Glu or Val600Lys mutation-positive unresectable stage IIIC or stage IV melanoma. Participants were computer-randomised (1:1) to receive a combination of dabrafenib (150 mg orally twice daily) and trametinib (2 mg orally once daily), or dabrafenib and placebo. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival and overall survival was a secondary endpoint. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01584648. FINDINGS: Between May 4, 2012, and Nov 30, 2012, we screened 947 patients for eligibility, of whom 423 were randomly assigned to receive dabrafenib and trametinib (n=211) or dabrafenib only (n=212). The final data cutoff was Jan 12, 2015, at which time 222 patients had died. Median overall survival was 25·1 months (95% CI 19·2-not reached) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group versus 18·7 months (15·2-23·7) in the dabrafenib only group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·71, 95% CI 0·55-0·92; p=0·0107). Overall survival was 74% at 1 year and 51% at 2 years in the dabrafenib and trametinib group versus 68% and 42%, respectively, in the dabrafenib only group. Based on 301 events, median progression-free survival was 11·0 months (95% CI 8·0-13·9) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 8·8 months (5·9-9·3) in the dabrafenib only group (HR 0·67, 95% CI 0·53-0·84; p=0·0004; unadjusted for multiple testing). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 181 (87%) of 209 patients in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 189 (90%) of 211 patients in the dabrafenib only group; the most common was pyrexia (108 patients, 52%) in the dabrafenib and trametinib group, and hyperkeratosis (70 patients, 33%) in the dabrafenib only group. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 67 (32%) patients in the dabrafenib and trametinib group and 66 (31%) patients in the dabrafenib only group. INTERPRETATION: The improvement in overall survival establishes the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib as the standard targeted treatment for BRAF Val600 mutation-positive melanoma. Studies assessing dabrafenib and trametinib in combination with immunotherapies are ongoing. FUNDING: GlaxoSmithKline.
Authors: Alexander K Tsai; Asra Y Khan; Christina E Worgo; Lucy L Wang; Yuanyuan Liang; Eduardo Davila Journal: Cancer Immunol Res Date: 2017-08-03 Impact factor: 11.151
Authors: Heike Niessner; Tobias Sinnberg; Corinna Kosnopfel; Keiran S M Smalley; Daniela Beck; Christian Praetorius; Marion Mai; Stefan Beissert; Dagmar Kulms; Martin Schaller; Claus Garbe; Keith T Flaherty; Dana Westphal; Ines Wanke; Friedegund Meier Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2017-07-19 Impact factor: 12.531