Diagnostic Utility of the International HIV Dementia Scale for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment and Disorder in South Africa.

Studies in sub-Saharan Africa indicate that most HIV seropositive persons have HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). HAND diagnosis is facilitated by specific screening. Seventy participants were recruited from an HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Durban, South Africa. The diagnostic utility of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) model. The ROC analysis comparing any HAND diagnosis (based on two neuropsychological tests) versus no diagnosis was statistically significant, with an optimal cut-off score of 10.5, sensitivity of 69%, and specificity of 74%. Sensitivity of the IHDS was highest for HIV-associated dementia.