D Jackson1, K Atkin1, F Bettenay2, J Clark1, M R Ditchfield1,3,4, J E Grimm5, R Linke6, G Long7, E Onikul8, J Pereira9,10, M Phillips11, F Wilson12, E Paul13, S K Goergen14,15. 1. Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Health, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia. 2. Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 3. Monash Children's, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 4. Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 5. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 6. Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. 7. Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. 8. The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. 9. Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia. 10. The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia. 11. Mater Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. 12. Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand. 13. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 14. Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Health, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia. Stacy.Goergen@monashhealth.org. 15. Department of Surgery, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Stacy.Goergen@monashhealth.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate paediatric CT dosimetry in Australia and New Zealand and calculate size-specific dose estimates (SSDEs) for chest and abdominal examinations. METHODS: Eight hospitals provided data from 12 CT systems for 1462 CTs in children aged 0-15. Imaging data were recorded for eight examinations: head (trauma, shunt), temporal bone, paranasal sinuses, chest (mass) and chest HRCT (high-resolution CT), and abdomen/pelvis (mass/inflammation). Dose data for cranial examinations were categorised by age and SSDEs by lateral dimension. Diagnostic reference ranges (DRRs) were defined by the 25th and 75th percentiles. Centralised image quality assessment was not undertaken. RESULTS: DRRs for 201 abdominopelvic SSDEs were: 2.8-4.7, 3.6-11.5, 8.5-15.0, 7.6-15, and 10.6-16.2 for the <15 cm, 15-19 cm, 20-24 cm, 25-29 cm and >30 cm groups, respectively. For 147 chest examinations using these body width categories, SSDE DRRs were 2.0-4.4, 3.3-7.9, 4.0-9.4, 4.5-12, and 6.5-12. Kilovoltage peak (kVp), but not AEC or IR, was associated with SSDE (parameter estimate [standard error]: 0.12 (0.03); p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Australian and New Zealand paediatric CT DRRs and abdominal SSDEs are comparable to international data. SSDEs for chest examinations are proposed. Dose variations could be reduced by adjusting kVp. KEY POINTS: • SSDEs can be calculated for all patients, CT systems, and practices • Kilovoltage peak (kVp) has the greatest association with dose in similar-sized patients • Paediatric DRRs for CT are now available for use internationally.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate paediatric CT dosimetry in Australia and New Zealand and calculate size-specific dose estimates (SSDEs) for chest and abdominal examinations. METHODS: Eight hospitals provided data from 12 CT systems for 1462 CTs in children aged 0-15. Imaging data were recorded for eight examinations: head (trauma, shunt), temporal bone, paranasal sinuses, chest (mass) and chest HRCT (high-resolution CT), and abdomen/pelvis (mass/inflammation). Dose data for cranial examinations were categorised by age and SSDEs by lateral dimension. Diagnostic reference ranges (DRRs) were defined by the 25th and 75th percentiles. Centralised image quality assessment was not undertaken. RESULTS: DRRs for 201 abdominopelvic SSDEs were: 2.8-4.7, 3.6-11.5, 8.5-15.0, 7.6-15, and 10.6-16.2 for the <15 cm, 15-19 cm, 20-24 cm, 25-29 cm and >30 cm groups, respectively. For 147 chest examinations using these body width categories, SSDE DRRs were 2.0-4.4, 3.3-7.9, 4.0-9.4, 4.5-12, and 6.5-12. Kilovoltage peak (kVp), but not AEC or IR, was associated with SSDE (parameter estimate [standard error]: 0.12 (0.03); p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Australian and New Zealand paediatric CT DRRs and abdominal SSDEs are comparable to international data. SSDEs for chest examinations are proposed. Dose variations could be reduced by adjusting kVp. KEY POINTS: • SSDEs can be calculated for all patients, CT systems, and practices • Kilovoltage peak (kVp) has the greatest association with dose in similar-sized patients • Paediatric DRRs for CT are now available for use internationally.
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