Gillian A O'Reilly1, Jimi Huh2, Susan M Schembre3, Eleanor B Tate2, Mary Ann Pentz2, Genevieve Dunton2. 1. Institute for Prevention Research, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, SSB 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA. Electronic address: goreilly@usc.edu. 2. Institute for Prevention Research, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, SSB 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA. 3. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St., Unit Number: 1330, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relationship between dietary intake and affective and physical feeling states in children. PURPOSE: The current study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to examine how usual dietary intake is cross-sectionally associated with both average affective and physical feeling state ratings and rating variability in children. METHODS: Children (N = 110, mean age = 11.0 ± 1.2 years, 52.5% male, 30.1% Hispanic/Latino) completed EMA measures of affective and physical feeling states 3-7 times per day for a full or partial day (weekday evenings and weekend days and evenings) over a 4-day period. Usual intake of pre-selected dietary components was measured prior to the EMA measurement period using the Block Kids Food Screener. Statistical analyses included mixed models and mixed-effects location scale models. RESULTS: Greater usual fiber intake was cross-sectionally associated with higher average positive affect (PA) ratings, lower variability of NA ratings, and higher variability of physical fatigue ratings. Lower usual glycemic load of diet was cross-sectionally associated with lower variability of NA ratings. Lower usual added sugar intake was cross-sectionally associated with higher average physical energy ratings and lower variability of NA ratings. CONCLUSIONS: Although temporal precedence was not established by these findings, they indicate that characteristics of children's usual dietary intake are cross-sectionally associated with both the average and variability of affective and physical feeling states. EMA offers a promising avenue through which to explore the associations between affective states and diet and has the potential to provide insight into nuances of this relationship.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relationship between dietary intake and affective and physical feeling states in children. PURPOSE: The current study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to examine how usual dietary intake is cross-sectionally associated with both average affective and physical feeling state ratings and rating variability in children. METHODS:Children (N = 110, mean age = 11.0 ± 1.2 years, 52.5% male, 30.1% Hispanic/Latino) completed EMA measures of affective and physical feeling states 3-7 times per day for a full or partial day (weekday evenings and weekend days and evenings) over a 4-day period. Usual intake of pre-selected dietary components was measured prior to the EMA measurement period using the Block Kids Food Screener. Statistical analyses included mixed models and mixed-effects location scale models. RESULTS: Greater usual fiber intake was cross-sectionally associated with higher average positive affect (PA) ratings, lower variability of NA ratings, and higher variability of physical fatigue ratings. Lower usual glycemic load of diet was cross-sectionally associated with lower variability of NA ratings. Lower usual added sugar intake was cross-sectionally associated with higher average physical energy ratings and lower variability of NA ratings. CONCLUSIONS: Although temporal precedence was not established by these findings, they indicate that characteristics of children's usual dietary intake are cross-sectionally associated with both the average and variability of affective and physical feeling states. EMA offers a promising avenue through which to explore the associations between affective states and diet and has the potential to provide insight into nuances of this relationship.
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