O Sommerburg1, J P Schenk, M A Mall. 1. Sektion Pädiatrische Pneumologie & Allergologie und Mukoviszidose-Zentrum, Klinik III, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland, olaf.sommerburg@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lung diseases belong to the most common acute and chronic childhood diseases. With specific diagnostics and therapy the outcome of many congenital and acquired pulmonary diseases in children and adults can be substantially improved. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is the presentation and evaluation of important lung diseases in children taking recent developments into consideration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article presents a review of the literature on selected acute and chronic lung diseases in children and adolescents. RESULTS: Acute pneumonia remains one of the most frequent causes of mortality in children worldwide. Antibiotic treatment has reduced the morbidity and mortality in Western industrialized countries; however, the treatment of complications, such as pleural empyema and lung abscesses remains challenging. With a prevalence of 10 %, asthma has evolved into the most common chronic disease in children and adolescents in Germany. Using anti-inflammatory inhalation therapy, effective control of asthma symptoms can be achieved in most patients. Cystic fibrosis (CF) remains the most common fatal inherited disease among Caucasians. More than 90 % of the mortality and morbidity of CF are caused by an early onset and progressive chronic obstructive lung disease. Approval of the first causal mutation-specific pharmacotherapy for a subgroup of patients with CF represents a milestone in individualized therapy of lung diseases. The pathogenesis of other rare chronic lung diseases including interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is still mostly unknown. CONCLUSION: Continuous improvement in the diagnostics and therapy is crucial to further improve the management and outcome of acute and chronic lung diseases in children. Pediatric pulmonology, as an interdisciplinary subspecialty at the interface of pediatrics, pulmonology and infectious diseases, plays a key role in the translation of scientific progress into clinical practice.
BACKGROUND:Lung diseases belong to the most common acute and chronic childhood diseases. With specific diagnostics and therapy the outcome of many congenital and acquired pulmonary diseases in children and adults can be substantially improved. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is the presentation and evaluation of important lung diseases in children taking recent developments into consideration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article presents a review of the literature on selected acute and chronic lung diseases in children and adolescents. RESULTS: Acute pneumonia remains one of the most frequent causes of mortality in children worldwide. Antibiotic treatment has reduced the morbidity and mortality in Western industrialized countries; however, the treatment of complications, such as pleural empyema and lung abscesses remains challenging. With a prevalence of 10 %, asthma has evolved into the most common chronic disease in children and adolescents in Germany. Using anti-inflammatory inhalation therapy, effective control of asthma symptoms can be achieved in most patients. Cystic fibrosis (CF) remains the most common fatal inherited disease among Caucasians. More than 90 % of the mortality and morbidity of CF are caused by an early onset and progressive chronic obstructive lung disease. Approval of the first causal mutation-specific pharmacotherapy for a subgroup of patients with CF represents a milestone in individualized therapy of lung diseases. The pathogenesis of other rare chronic lung diseases including interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is still mostly unknown. CONCLUSION: Continuous improvement in the diagnostics and therapy is crucial to further improve the management and outcome of acute and chronic lung diseases in children. Pediatric pulmonology, as an interdisciplinary subspecialty at the interface of pediatrics, pulmonology and infectious diseases, plays a key role in the translation of scientific progress into clinical practice.
Authors: Olaf Sommerburg; Veronika Krulisova; Jutta Hammermann; Martin Lindner; Mirjam Stahl; Martina Muckenthaler; Dirk Kohlmueller; Margit Happich; Andreas E Kulozik; Felix Votava; Miroslava Balascakova; Veronika Skalicka; Marina Stopsack; Manfred Gahr; Milan Macek; Marcus A Mall; Georg F Hoffmann Journal: J Cyst Fibros Date: 2013-07-25 Impact factor: 5.482
Authors: Michael Harris; Julia Clark; Nicky Coote; Penny Fletcher; Anthony Harnden; Michael McKean; Anne Thomson Journal: Thorax Date: 2011-10 Impact factor: 9.139
Authors: Mark O Wielpütz; Michael Puderbach; Annette Kopp-Schneider; Mirjam Stahl; Eva Fritzsching; Olaf Sommerburg; Sebastian Ley; Migle Sumkauskaite; Jürgen Biederer; Hans-Ulrich Kauczor; Monika Eichinger; Marcus A Mall Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2014-04-15 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: Peter D Sly; Siobhain Brennan; Catherine Gangell; Nicholas de Klerk; Conor Murray; Lauren Mott; Stephen M Stick; Philip J Robinson; Colin F Robertson; Sarath C Ranganathan Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2009-04-16 Impact factor: 21.405