Jin-Zhou Zhu1, Yi-Ning Dai2, Yu-Ming Wang3, Qin-Yi Zhou4, Chao-Hui Yu5, You-Ming Li6. 1. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China. jzzhu@live.com. 2. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China. daiyn@zju.edu.cn. 3. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China. yumingwang@yeah.net. 4. Department of Statistics, Columbian College of Arts and Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. qyzhou.gwu@live.com. 5. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China. way2phd@163.com. 6. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China. ymli.zju@live.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health issue around the world. AIM: This study is to investigate whether adult prevalence of NAFLD correlates with national economic status. METHODS: Literature search on PubMed database was conducted to identify eligible records fully published before September 2014. Gross national income (GNI) per capita was chosen to evaluate national economic status. Pearson coefficient, linear regression, and unpaired t test were performed in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Twenty-one population-based surveys (seven in East Asia, five in South Asia, three in Middle East, and six in Europe) were included. The pooled prevalence of NAFLD was 24.24%, and the global prevalence was positively correlated with GNI per capita (r = 0.4782, P = 0.0283). Europe witnessed a higher prevalence (28.04%) than Middle East (12.95%, P = 0.0092) and East Asia (19.24%, P = 0.0083). Male presented a higher prevalence than female (P = 0.019), especially in Europe (P = 0.0132) and in Caucasians (P = 0.0383). Furthermore, male prevalence and rural prevalence individually were correlated with economic status (r = 0.5725, P = 0.0257 and r = 0.7389, P = 0.0060). Lastly, the urban (23.93%) witnessed a higher prevalence than the rural or the urban + rural (12.65%, P = 0.0141) in the countries of GNI per capita <$10,000. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that countries with higher economic status tend to present a higher prevalence of NAFLD. It is believed to provide a distinctive epidemiologic perspective to global situation of NAFLD.
BACKGROUND:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health issue around the world. AIM: This study is to investigate whether adult prevalence of NAFLD correlates with national economic status. METHODS: Literature search on PubMed database was conducted to identify eligible records fully published before September 2014. Gross national income (GNI) per capita was chosen to evaluate national economic status. Pearson coefficient, linear regression, and unpaired t test were performed in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Twenty-one population-based surveys (seven in East Asia, five in South Asia, three in Middle East, and six in Europe) were included. The pooled prevalence of NAFLD was 24.24%, and the global prevalence was positively correlated with GNI per capita (r = 0.4782, P = 0.0283). Europe witnessed a higher prevalence (28.04%) than Middle East (12.95%, P = 0.0092) and East Asia (19.24%, P = 0.0083). Male presented a higher prevalence than female (P = 0.019), especially in Europe (P = 0.0132) and in Caucasians (P = 0.0383). Furthermore, male prevalence and rural prevalence individually were correlated with economic status (r = 0.5725, P = 0.0257 and r = 0.7389, P = 0.0060). Lastly, the urban (23.93%) witnessed a higher prevalence than the rural or the urban + rural (12.65%, P = 0.0141) in the countries of GNI per capita <$10,000. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that countries with higher economic status tend to present a higher prevalence of NAFLD. It is believed to provide a distinctive epidemiologic perspective to global situation of NAFLD.
Entities:
Keywords:
Economy; Epidemiology; Gross national income (GNI) per capita; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); Prevalence
Authors: Lynne E Wagenknecht; Ann L Scherzinger; Elizabeth R Stamm; Anthony J G Hanley; Jill M Norris; Yii-Der I Chen; Michael Bryer-Ash; Steven M Haffner; Jerome I Rotter Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2009-02-19 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Martin Gruchot; Tilmann Graeter; Suemeyra Oeztuerk; Mark Martin Haenle; Wolfgang Koenig; Armin Imhof; Bernhard Otto Boehm; Richard Andrew Mason; Wolfgang Kratzer; Atilla Serif Akinli Journal: Lipids Health Dis Date: 2014-01-22 Impact factor: 3.876