Lori-Ann R Sacrey1, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum2, Susan Bryson3, Jessica Brian4, Isabel M Smith3, Wendy Roberts5, Peter Szatmari6, Caroline Roncadin7, Nancy Garon8, Christopher Novak2, Tracy Vaillancourt9, Theresa McCormick3, Bonnie MacKinnon10, Sanne Jilderda10, Vickie Armstrong3. 1. University of Alberta and the Autism Research Centre in the Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: sacrey@ualberta.ca. 2. University of Alberta and the Autism Research Centre in the Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 3. Dalhousie University/IWK Health Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 4. Bloorview Research Institute in Toronto; University of Toronto. 5. University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. 6. University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto. 7. Kinark Child and Family Services in Markham, Ontario, Canada. 8. Mount Allison University in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada. 9. University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Ontario. 10. Bloorview Research Institute in Toronto.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This prospective study characterized parents' concerns about infants at high risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD; each with an older sibling with ASD) at multiple time points in the first 2 years, and assessed their relation to diagnostic outcome at 3 years. METHOD: Parents of low-risk controls (LR) and high-risk infant siblings (HR) reported any concerns that they had regarding their children's development between 6 and 24 months of age regarding sleep, diet, sensory behavior, gross/fine motor skills, repetitive movements, communication, communication regression, social skills, play, and behavioral problems, using a parent concern form designed for this study. At 3 years of age, an independent, gold-standard diagnostic assessment for ASD was conducted for all participants. RESULTS: As predicted, parents of HR children who received an ASD diagnosis reported more concerns than parents of LR and HR children who did not have ASD. The total number of concerns predicted a subsequent diagnosis of ASD as early as 12 months within the HR group. Concerns regarding sensory behavior and motor development predicted a subsequent diagnosis of ASD as early as 6 months, whereas concerns about social communication and repetitive behaviors did not predict diagnosis of ASD until after 12 months. CONCLUSION: Parent-reported concerns can improve earlier recognition of ASD in HR children.
OBJECTIVE: This prospective study characterized parents' concerns about infants at high risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD; each with an older sibling with ASD) at multiple time points in the first 2 years, and assessed their relation to diagnostic outcome at 3 years. METHOD: Parents of low-risk controls (LR) and high-risk infant siblings (HR) reported any concerns that they had regarding their children's development between 6 and 24 months of age regarding sleep, diet, sensory behavior, gross/fine motor skills, repetitive movements, communication, communication regression, social skills, play, and behavioral problems, using a parent concern form designed for this study. At 3 years of age, an independent, gold-standard diagnostic assessment for ASD was conducted for all participants. RESULTS: As predicted, parents of HR children who received an ASD diagnosis reported more concerns than parents of LR and HR children who did not have ASD. The total number of concerns predicted a subsequent diagnosis of ASD as early as 12 months within the HR group. Concerns regarding sensory behavior and motor development predicted a subsequent diagnosis of ASD as early as 6 months, whereas concerns about social communication and repetitive behaviors did not predict diagnosis of ASD until after 12 months. CONCLUSION: Parent-reported concerns can improve earlier recognition of ASD in HR children.
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