Phase II evaluation of doxorubicin for treatment of various canine neoplasms.

One hundred eighty-five dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were used in a prospective study to determine the response to 2 doses of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, doxorubicin. Eighty-three dogs had been refractory to one or more previous treatment modalities (surgery, n = 54; chemotherapy, n = 22; radiation, n = 10; hyperthermia, n = 1; biological response modifier, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately prior to and 3 weeks after 2 doses of doxorubicin were administered (30 mg/m2 of body surface area, iv) 21 days apart. Eighty-four percent (n = 157) of the dogs received 2 doses of doxorubicin and were evaluated. Of the 28 dogs ruled ineligible, 4 had serious side effects to the first dose of doxorubicin, and 24 others acquired complications resulting from their malignant tumors. A partial or complete remission was obtained in 41% (64/157) of all evaluable dogs: 26% (11/43) of the dogs with carcinoma, 67% (42/63) of the dogs with lymphoma, and 22% (11/51) of the dogs with sarcoma. Tumors in which there was at least a 50% volume reduction (partial or complete remission) included malignant lymphoma (42/63), fibrosarcoma (1/14), solid follicular thyroid carcinoma (3/13), mammary adenocarcinoma (2/8), hemangiosarcoma (2/8), osteosarcoma (1/6), circumanal carcinoma (3/5), synovial cell sarcoma (2/3), undifferentiated sarcoma (2/3), nasal adenocarcinoma (1/2), liposarcoma (1/2), infiltrating lipoma (1/1), malignant melanoma (1/1), sclerosing mesothelioma (1/1), and neurofibrosarcoma (1/2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)