Jun Hwa Hong1, Yeon-Kyung Choi1, Byong-Keol Min2, Kang Seo Park3, Kayeon Seong4, In Kyu Lee5, Jung Guk Kim6. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea. 2. Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program (Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. 4. College of Nursing, Taegu Science University, Daegu, South Korea. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program (Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea. Electronic address: jugkim@knu.ac.kr.
Abstract
AIMS: Despite the absence of overt renal impairment and decreased erythropoietin (EPO) levels, patients are usually anemic. Hepcidin, which is induced by inflammatory stimuli, plays an important role in anemia in chronic disease. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a putative anti-inflammatory cytokine that is elevated in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Hence, we investigated the relationship between hepcidin and GDF15 in anemic T2DM patients without overt renal impairment. METHODS: Among 1150 patients who visited Kyungpook National University Hospital for T2DM between June 2006 and June 2014, we selected 55 anemic patients without overt renal impairment (serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL or estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) and other co-morbid diseases, including malignancy, thyroid disease, rheumatic arthritis, liver disease, iron-deficiency anemia and other endocrine disease. We measured anthropometric and metabolic parameters, as well as measured the serum iron, ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythropoietin, hepcidin-25 and GDF15 levels. RESULTS: Anemic T2DM patients without overt renal impairment presented a greater inflammatory state, with increased serum hsCRP, ESR and IL-6 levels compared with non-anemic T2DM patients. Both hepcidin and GDF15 levels were increased and showed a positive correlation in anemic T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: In the absence of overt renal impairment, anemia in T2DM is associated with chronic inflammation, inducing elevation of hepcidin and GDF15 levels independently of the erythropoietin level.
AIMS: Despite the absence of overt renal impairment and decreased erythropoietin (EPO) levels, patients are usually anemic. Hepcidin, which is induced by inflammatory stimuli, plays an important role in anemia in chronic disease. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a putative anti-inflammatory cytokine that is elevated in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Hence, we investigated the relationship between hepcidin and GDF15 in anemic T2DMpatients without overt renal impairment. METHODS: Among 1150 patients who visited Kyungpook National University Hospital for T2DM between June 2006 and June 2014, we selected 55 anemicpatients without overt renal impairment (serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL or estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) and other co-morbid diseases, including malignancy, thyroid disease, rheumatic arthritis, liver disease, iron-deficiency anemia and other endocrine disease. We measured anthropometric and metabolic parameters, as well as measured the serum iron, ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythropoietin, hepcidin-25 and GDF15 levels. RESULTS:Anemic T2DMpatients without overt renal impairment presented a greater inflammatory state, with increased serum hsCRP, ESR and IL-6 levels compared with non-anemic T2DMpatients. Both hepcidin and GDF15 levels were increased and showed a positive correlation in anemic T2DMpatients. CONCLUSION: In the absence of overt renal impairment, anemia in T2DM is associated with chronic inflammation, inducing elevation of hepcidin and GDF15 levels independently of the erythropoietin level.
Authors: Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño; Alberto Ortiz; Maria Vanessa Perez-Gomez; Soledad Pizarro-Sanchez; Carolina Gracia-Iguacel; Santiago Cano; Pablo Cannata-Ortiz; Jinny Sanchez-Rodriguez; Ana Belen Sanz Journal: J Nephrol Date: 2021-04-13 Impact factor: 3.902
Authors: Suyi Xie; Qi Li; Andrea O Y Luk; Hui-Yao Lan; Paul K S Chan; Antoni Bayés-Genís; Francis K L Chan; Erik Fung Journal: Biomolecules Date: 2022-07-04
Authors: Yuko Yamaguchi; Marta Zampino; Toshiko Tanaka; Stefania Bandinelli; Yusuke Osawa; Luigi Ferrucci; Richard D Semba Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2021-06-14 Impact factor: 6.053