Literature DB >> 25995927

Crystal structure of ({4-[(4-bromo-phen-yl)ethyn-yl]-3,5-di-ethyl-phen-yl}ethyn-yl)triiso-propyl-silane.

Caiyun Shu1, Graeme J Moxey2, Adam Barlow3, Mahbod Morshedi3.   

Abstract

The title compound, C29H37BrSi, was synthesized by the Sonogashira coupling of [(3,5-diethyl-4-ethynylphen-yl)ethyn-yl]triiso-propyl-silane with 4-bromo-1-iodo-benzene. In the structure, the two phenyl rings are nearly parallel to each other with a dihedral angle of 4.27 (4)°. In the crystal, π-π inter-actions between the terminal and central phenyl rings of adjacent mol-ecules link them in the a-axis direction [perpendicular distance = 3.5135 (14); centroid-centroid distance = 3.7393 (11) Å]. In addition, there are weak C-H⋯π inter-actions between the isopropyl H atoms and the phenyl rings of adjacent mol-ecules.

Entities:  

Keywords:  bromo­arene; crystal structure; oligo(phenyl­eneethynylene); tri­alkyl­silyl­acetyl­ene

Year:  2015        PMID: 25995927      PMCID: PMC4420139          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Related literature

For the syntheses of aryl­alkynes by Sonogashira coupling, see: Takahashi et al. (1980 ▸). For the use of related oligo(phenyl­eneethynylene)s in the construction of metal alkynyl complexes exhibiting non-linear optical properties, see: Garcia et al. (2002 ▸); Hurst et al. (2002 ▸; 2003 ▸); McDonagh et al. (2003 ▸). For the synthesis of [(3,5-diethyl-4-iodo­phen­yl)ethyn­yl]triiso­propyl­silane, see: Ehlers et al. (2011 ▸). For related structures, see: Lehnherr et al. (2008 ▸, 2009 ▸); Błaszczyk et al. (2007 ▸).

Experimental

Crystal data

C29H37BrSi M = 493.58 Monoclinic, a = 14.9043 (2) Å b = 8.50185 (11) Å c = 22.6111 (3) Å β = 108.2791 (16)° V = 2720.56 (7) Å3 Z = 4 Cu Kα radiation μ = 2.56 mm−1 T = 150 K 0.19 × 0.06 × 0.05 mm

Data collection

Agilent SuperNova (Dual, Cu at zero, EosS2) diffractometer Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2014 ▸), based on expressions derived by Clark & Reid (1995 ▸)] T min = 0.910, T max = 0.973 17549 measured reflections 5355 independent reflections 4677 reflections with I > 2σ(I) R int = 0.030

Refinement

R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.036 wR(F 2) = 0.093 S = 1.03 5355 reflections 288 parameters H-atom parameters constrained Δρmax = 0.44 e Å−3 Δρmin = −0.64 e Å−3

Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2014 ▸); cell refinement: CrysAlis PRO; data reduction: CrysAlis PRO; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2015 ▸); molecular graphics: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009 ▸); software used to prepare material for publication: OLEX2. Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438Isup3.cml Click here for additional data file. . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438fig1.tif Mol­ecular structure of ((4-((4-bromo­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)-3,5-di­ethyl­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)triiso­propyl­silane, with thermal ellipsoids set at the 40% probability level. Click here for additional data file. . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438fig2.tif Packing diagram of ((4-((4-bromo­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)-3,5-di­ethyl­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)triiso­propyl­silane. Click here for additional data file. 1 13 . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438fig3.tif Atom numbering scheme of ((2,6-diethyl-4-((triiso­propyl­sil­yl)ethyn­yl)phen­yl)ethyn­yl)tri­methyl­silane for 1H and 13C NMR assignments. Click here for additional data file. 1 13 . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438fig4.tif Atom numbering scheme of ((3,5-diethyl-4-ethynylphen­yl)ethyn­yl)triiso­propyl­silane for 1H and 13C NMR assignments. Click here for additional data file. 1 13 . DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015007252/hg5438fig5.tif Atom numbering scheme of ((4-((4-bromo­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)-3,5-di­ethyl­phen­yl)ethyn­yl)triiso­propyl­silane for 1H and 13C NMR assignments. CCDC reference: 1059001 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C29H37BrSiF(000) = 1040
Mr = 493.58Dx = 1.205 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/nCu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å
a = 14.9043 (2) ÅCell parameters from 7858 reflections
b = 8.50185 (11) Åθ = 3.1–72.1°
c = 22.6111 (3) ŵ = 2.56 mm1
β = 108.2791 (16)°T = 150 K
V = 2720.56 (7) Å3Needle, colorless
Z = 40.19 × 0.06 × 0.05 mm
Agilent SuperNova (Dual, Cu at zero, EosS2) diffractometer5355 independent reflections
Radiation source: sealed X-ray tube, SuperNova (Cu) X-ray Source4677 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror monochromatorRint = 0.030
Detector resolution: 8.1297 pixels mm-1θmax = 72.3°, θmin = 4.1°
ω scansh = −17→18
Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2014), based on expressions derived by Clark & Reid (1995)]k = −10→8
Tmin = 0.910, Tmax = 0.973l = −26→27
17549 measured reflections
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.093w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0487P)2 + 0.7988P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.03(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
5355 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.44 e Å3
288 parametersΔρmin = −0.64 e Å3
0 restraints
Experimental. Absorption correction: CrysAlisPro (Agilent Technologies, 2014) Analytical numeric absorption correction using a multifaceted crystal model based on expressions derived by R.C. Clark & J.S. Reid. (Clark & Reid, 1995). Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Br10.59936 (2)1.35829 (4)−0.03406 (2)0.06342 (11)
C10.60740 (12)1.2473 (2)0.04038 (8)0.0367 (4)
C20.61900 (13)1.3304 (2)0.09424 (10)0.0391 (4)
H20.62291.43960.09440.047*
C30.62480 (13)1.2492 (2)0.14846 (8)0.0353 (4)
H30.63461.30430.18550.042*
C40.61611 (11)1.0861 (2)0.14807 (8)0.0297 (3)
C50.60401 (13)1.0054 (2)0.09239 (8)0.0351 (4)
H50.59790.89650.09140.042*
C60.60100 (13)1.0858 (3)0.03850 (8)0.0386 (4)
H60.59481.03160.00170.046*
C70.61969 (12)1.0040 (2)0.20410 (8)0.0346 (4)
C80.62174 (12)0.9394 (2)0.25178 (8)0.0340 (3)
C90.62603 (11)0.8617 (2)0.30887 (7)0.0285 (3)
C100.63335 (11)0.9506 (2)0.36276 (8)0.0303 (3)
C110.64252 (11)0.8724 (2)0.41843 (7)0.0296 (3)
H110.64790.93020.45430.036*
C120.64376 (11)0.7080 (2)0.42108 (7)0.0277 (3)
C130.63343 (11)0.62185 (19)0.36677 (7)0.0284 (3)
H130.63240.51260.36830.034*
C140.62465 (11)0.6958 (2)0.31058 (7)0.0287 (3)
C150.63495 (14)1.1285 (2)0.36204 (10)0.0396 (4)
H15A0.60871.16830.39330.048*
H15B0.59551.16570.32170.048*
C160.73415 (18)1.1921 (3)0.37476 (16)0.0639 (7)
H16A0.76191.14750.34560.096*
H16B0.77171.16470.41640.096*
H16C0.73181.30450.37040.096*
C170.61268 (14)0.5983 (2)0.25298 (8)0.0384 (4)
H17A0.63840.49410.26520.046*
H17B0.64830.64600.22840.046*
C180.51011 (17)0.5835 (3)0.21337 (10)0.0575 (6)
H18A0.50620.52660.17600.086*
H18B0.48350.68650.20280.086*
H18C0.47560.52810.23630.086*
C190.65751 (12)0.6270 (2)0.47885 (8)0.0306 (3)
C200.67199 (12)0.5571 (2)0.52729 (7)0.0318 (3)
C210.68643 (12)0.6214 (2)0.65936 (8)0.0330 (3)
H210.70190.57520.70110.040*
C220.75465 (17)0.7576 (3)0.66248 (10)0.0482 (5)
H22A0.81840.71910.67620.072*
H22B0.74690.83530.69130.072*
H22C0.74150.80400.62190.072*
C230.58501 (15)0.6822 (3)0.64139 (11)0.0497 (5)
H23A0.56680.72260.59960.075*
H23B0.58100.76450.66950.075*
H23C0.54350.59780.64370.075*
C240.61059 (12)0.3018 (2)0.59826 (8)0.0328 (3)
H240.54940.35520.58850.039*
C250.62337 (16)0.2156 (3)0.65974 (10)0.0493 (5)
H25A0.68000.15350.67000.074*
H25B0.57000.14820.65560.074*
H25C0.62810.29100.69220.074*
C260.60039 (18)0.1852 (3)0.54504 (11)0.0554 (5)
H26A0.59330.24180.50710.083*
H26B0.54580.12040.54020.083*
H26C0.65570.12010.55440.083*
C270.82830 (12)0.3998 (2)0.62548 (8)0.0337 (3)
H270.86350.49240.61930.040*
C280.87126 (14)0.3534 (3)0.69440 (10)0.0492 (5)
H28A0.86490.43950.72030.074*
H28B0.93700.32880.70290.074*
H28C0.83870.26310.70300.074*
C290.84528 (15)0.2720 (3)0.58276 (11)0.0511 (5)
H29A0.82150.17340.59230.077*
H29B0.91180.26290.58900.077*
H29C0.81320.29930.54020.077*
Si10.70023 (3)0.46269 (5)0.60435 (2)0.02571 (10)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Br10.05680 (15)0.0898 (2)0.04728 (14)0.00897 (12)0.02157 (11)0.04038 (12)
C10.0294 (8)0.0511 (10)0.0307 (8)0.0024 (7)0.0110 (6)0.0173 (7)
C20.0355 (9)0.0348 (8)0.0469 (10)−0.0030 (7)0.0126 (8)0.0087 (7)
C30.0375 (9)0.0374 (8)0.0305 (8)−0.0025 (7)0.0101 (7)−0.0016 (7)
C40.0252 (7)0.0369 (8)0.0270 (7)0.0022 (6)0.0081 (6)0.0071 (6)
C50.0374 (9)0.0331 (8)0.0341 (8)0.0014 (7)0.0103 (7)0.0034 (7)
C60.0385 (9)0.0505 (10)0.0259 (8)0.0016 (8)0.0089 (7)−0.0008 (7)
C70.0304 (8)0.0430 (9)0.0311 (8)0.0053 (7)0.0108 (6)0.0084 (7)
C80.0294 (8)0.0423 (9)0.0311 (8)0.0058 (6)0.0106 (6)0.0082 (7)
C90.0236 (7)0.0379 (8)0.0251 (7)0.0052 (6)0.0091 (6)0.0076 (6)
C100.0253 (7)0.0344 (8)0.0310 (8)0.0034 (6)0.0084 (6)0.0041 (6)
C110.0274 (7)0.0367 (8)0.0241 (7)0.0018 (6)0.0071 (6)−0.0010 (6)
C120.0238 (7)0.0367 (8)0.0223 (7)0.0014 (6)0.0068 (5)0.0042 (6)
C130.0266 (7)0.0317 (7)0.0265 (7)0.0019 (6)0.0078 (6)0.0033 (6)
C140.0257 (7)0.0376 (8)0.0232 (7)0.0056 (6)0.0080 (6)0.0021 (6)
C150.0400 (9)0.0349 (9)0.0448 (10)0.0074 (7)0.0147 (8)0.0049 (7)
C160.0482 (12)0.0308 (9)0.113 (2)0.0018 (8)0.0260 (13)0.0018 (11)
C170.0439 (10)0.0457 (9)0.0265 (8)0.0110 (8)0.0124 (7)−0.0001 (7)
C180.0504 (12)0.0779 (16)0.0364 (10)0.0063 (11)0.0022 (9)−0.0193 (10)
C190.0286 (7)0.0383 (8)0.0250 (8)0.0004 (6)0.0084 (6)0.0027 (6)
C200.0317 (8)0.0408 (9)0.0226 (7)0.0018 (6)0.0080 (6)0.0030 (6)
C210.0332 (8)0.0415 (9)0.0244 (7)0.0021 (7)0.0091 (6)−0.0030 (6)
C220.0523 (11)0.0461 (10)0.0464 (11)−0.0083 (9)0.0159 (9)−0.0115 (8)
C230.0391 (10)0.0623 (12)0.0471 (11)0.0094 (9)0.0127 (8)−0.0152 (9)
C240.0288 (8)0.0401 (8)0.0284 (8)−0.0024 (6)0.0073 (6)0.0009 (7)
C250.0481 (11)0.0572 (12)0.0403 (10)−0.0159 (9)0.0107 (8)0.0119 (9)
C260.0571 (13)0.0613 (13)0.0480 (11)−0.0208 (11)0.0169 (10)−0.0201 (10)
C270.0272 (7)0.0417 (9)0.0322 (8)0.0025 (6)0.0096 (6)0.0055 (7)
C280.0305 (9)0.0717 (14)0.0406 (10)0.0066 (9)0.0043 (8)0.0166 (9)
C290.0380 (10)0.0573 (12)0.0595 (13)0.0094 (9)0.0172 (9)−0.0093 (10)
Si10.0248 (2)0.0339 (2)0.01806 (18)0.00090 (15)0.00617 (14)0.00271 (15)
Br1—C11.9003 (16)C18—H18B0.9600
C1—C21.371 (3)C18—H18C0.9600
C1—C61.376 (3)C19—C201.204 (3)
C2—H20.9300C20—Si11.8431 (17)
C2—C31.386 (3)C21—H210.9800
C3—H30.9300C21—C221.528 (3)
C3—C41.393 (3)C21—C231.527 (3)
C4—C51.395 (3)C21—Si11.8894 (17)
C4—C71.433 (2)C22—H22A0.9600
C5—H50.9300C22—H22B0.9600
C5—C61.386 (3)C22—H22C0.9600
C6—H60.9300C23—H23A0.9600
C7—C81.202 (3)C23—H23B0.9600
C8—C91.434 (2)C23—H23C0.9600
C9—C101.409 (2)C24—H240.9800
C9—C141.411 (2)C24—C251.530 (2)
C10—C111.392 (2)C24—C261.530 (3)
C10—C151.513 (2)C24—Si11.8866 (17)
C11—H110.9300C25—H25A0.9600
C11—C121.399 (2)C25—H25B0.9600
C12—C131.396 (2)C25—H25C0.9600
C12—C191.434 (2)C26—H26A0.9600
C13—H130.9300C26—H26B0.9600
C13—C141.387 (2)C26—H26C0.9600
C14—C171.507 (2)C27—H270.9800
C15—H15A0.9700C27—C281.539 (2)
C15—H15B0.9700C27—C291.527 (3)
C15—C161.515 (3)C27—Si11.8936 (17)
C16—H16A0.9600C28—H28A0.9600
C16—H16B0.9600C28—H28B0.9600
C16—H16C0.9600C28—H28C0.9600
C17—H17A0.9700C29—H29A0.9600
C17—H17B0.9700C29—H29B0.9600
C17—C181.515 (3)C29—H29C0.9600
C18—H18A0.9600
C2—C1—Br1119.11 (15)C20—C19—C12177.76 (18)
C2—C1—C6121.98 (16)C19—C20—Si1175.58 (16)
C6—C1—Br1118.90 (15)C22—C21—H21107.8
C1—C2—H2120.5C22—C21—Si1111.30 (13)
C1—C2—C3119.02 (17)C23—C21—H21107.8
C3—C2—H2120.5C23—C21—C22110.13 (18)
C2—C3—H3119.7C23—C21—Si1111.70 (13)
C2—C3—C4120.68 (17)Si1—C21—H21107.8
C4—C3—H3119.7C21—C22—H22A109.5
C3—C4—C5118.74 (16)C21—C22—H22B109.5
C3—C4—C7120.14 (17)C21—C22—H22C109.5
C5—C4—C7121.12 (17)H22A—C22—H22B109.5
C4—C5—H5119.7H22A—C22—H22C109.5
C6—C5—C4120.69 (17)H22B—C22—H22C109.5
C6—C5—H5119.7C21—C23—H23A109.5
C1—C6—C5118.83 (17)C21—C23—H23B109.5
C1—C6—H6120.6C21—C23—H23C109.5
C5—C6—H6120.6H23A—C23—H23B109.5
C8—C7—C4177.9 (2)H23A—C23—H23C109.5
C7—C8—C9178.92 (18)H23B—C23—H23C109.5
C10—C9—C8120.05 (16)C25—C24—H24105.5
C10—C9—C14120.69 (15)C25—C24—Si1113.43 (12)
C14—C9—C8119.24 (16)C26—C24—H24105.5
C9—C10—C15121.63 (16)C26—C24—C25110.96 (18)
C11—C10—C9119.01 (15)C26—C24—Si1114.88 (14)
C11—C10—C15119.33 (16)Si1—C24—H24105.5
C10—C11—H11119.6C24—C25—H25A109.5
C10—C11—C12120.81 (15)C24—C25—H25B109.5
C12—C11—H11119.6C24—C25—H25C109.5
C11—C12—C19121.02 (15)H25A—C25—H25B109.5
C13—C12—C11119.35 (15)H25A—C25—H25C109.5
C13—C12—C19119.61 (15)H25B—C25—H25C109.5
C12—C13—H13119.3C24—C26—H26A109.5
C14—C13—C12121.37 (15)C24—C26—H26B109.5
C14—C13—H13119.3C24—C26—H26C109.5
C9—C14—C17121.68 (15)H26A—C26—H26B109.5
C13—C14—C9118.71 (15)H26A—C26—H26C109.5
C13—C14—C17119.60 (16)H26B—C26—H26C109.5
C10—C15—H15A109.2C28—C27—H27106.2
C10—C15—H15B109.2C28—C27—Si1113.21 (13)
C10—C15—C16111.88 (16)C29—C27—H27106.2
H15A—C15—H15B107.9C29—C27—C28111.08 (18)
C16—C15—H15A109.2C29—C27—Si1113.30 (13)
C16—C15—H15B109.2Si1—C27—H27106.2
C15—C16—H16A109.5C27—C28—H28A109.5
C15—C16—H16B109.5C27—C28—H28B109.5
C15—C16—H16C109.5C27—C28—H28C109.5
H16A—C16—H16B109.5H28A—C28—H28B109.5
H16A—C16—H16C109.5H28A—C28—H28C109.5
H16B—C16—H16C109.5H28B—C28—H28C109.5
C14—C17—H17A109.1C27—C29—H29A109.5
C14—C17—H17B109.1C27—C29—H29B109.5
C14—C17—C18112.37 (16)C27—C29—H29C109.5
H17A—C17—H17B107.9H29A—C29—H29B109.5
C18—C17—H17A109.1H29A—C29—H29C109.5
C18—C17—H17B109.1H29B—C29—H29C109.5
C17—C18—H18A109.5C20—Si1—C21105.76 (8)
C17—C18—H18B109.5C20—Si1—C24107.47 (8)
C17—C18—H18C109.5C20—Si1—C27105.95 (8)
H18A—C18—H18B109.5C21—Si1—C27110.17 (8)
H18A—C18—H18C109.5C24—Si1—C21110.17 (8)
H18B—C18—H18C109.5C24—Si1—C27116.63 (8)
Br1—C1—C2—C3179.97 (14)C12—C13—C14—C17−179.40 (15)
Br1—C1—C6—C5−178.08 (14)C13—C14—C17—C1897.4 (2)
C1—C2—C3—C4−2.0 (3)C14—C9—C10—C112.2 (2)
C2—C1—C6—C51.7 (3)C14—C9—C10—C15180.00 (15)
C2—C3—C4—C51.7 (3)C15—C10—C11—C12−178.35 (15)
C2—C3—C4—C7−178.31 (17)C19—C12—C13—C14−176.79 (15)
C3—C4—C5—C60.2 (3)C22—C21—Si1—C20−61.07 (15)
C4—C5—C6—C1−1.9 (3)C22—C21—Si1—C24−176.92 (13)
C6—C1—C2—C30.2 (3)C22—C21—Si1—C2753.01 (15)
C7—C4—C5—C6−179.76 (16)C23—C21—Si1—C2062.49 (16)
C8—C9—C10—C11−176.57 (15)C23—C21—Si1—C24−53.36 (17)
C8—C9—C10—C151.2 (2)C23—C21—Si1—C27176.56 (15)
C8—C9—C14—C13176.92 (15)C25—C24—Si1—C20−178.21 (15)
C8—C9—C14—C17−3.9 (2)C25—C24—Si1—C21−63.44 (17)
C9—C10—C11—C12−0.5 (2)C25—C24—Si1—C2763.09 (17)
C9—C10—C15—C16−87.6 (2)C26—C24—Si1—C2052.68 (17)
C9—C14—C17—C18−81.8 (2)C26—C24—Si1—C21167.46 (15)
C10—C9—C14—C13−1.9 (2)C26—C24—Si1—C27−66.01 (17)
C10—C9—C14—C17177.33 (15)C28—C27—Si1—C20166.62 (15)
C10—C11—C12—C13−1.5 (2)C28—C27—Si1—C2152.66 (17)
C10—C11—C12—C19177.13 (15)C28—C27—Si1—C24−73.87 (17)
C11—C10—C15—C1690.2 (2)C29—C27—Si1—C20−65.74 (16)
C11—C12—C13—C141.9 (2)C29—C27—Si1—C21−179.69 (15)
C12—C13—C14—C9−0.2 (2)C29—C27—Si1—C2453.77 (17)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C25—H25B···Cgi0.962.983.699 (3)132
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (, )

Cg is the centroid of the C9C14 ring.

DHA DHHA D A DHA
C25H25B Cg i 0.962.983.699(3)132

Symmetry code: (i) .

  4 in total

1.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

2.  Exploring electronically polarized pentacenes.

Authors:  Dan Lehnherr; Robert McDonald; Rik R Tykwinski
Journal:  Org Lett       Date:  2008-09-03       Impact factor: 6.005

3.  Pentacene-based polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dyads with cofacial solid-state pi-stacking.

Authors:  Dan Lehnherr; Adrian H Murray; Robert McDonald; Michael J Ferguson; Rik R Tykwinski
Journal:  Chemistry       Date:  2009-11-23       Impact factor: 5.236

4.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

  4 in total

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