Yu-Wen Chen1, Chong-Chi Chiu, Pei-Ling Hsieh, Ching-Hsia Hung, Jhi-Joung Wang. 1. From the *Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; †Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; ‡Department of General Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan; §Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; and ∥Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Insulin therapy plays a critical role in managing type 1 diabetes mellitus, and exercise produces alterations in pain sensation. This experiment explored the effects of insulin therapy combined with treadmill training on diabetic neuropathic pain and on the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines. METHODS: Rats were given 4 weeks of insulin (100 IU/kg) therapy and treadmill training (30-60 min/d of training at 20-25 m/min) each day beginning on day 3 after streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, IV) injection and continuing until day 27. Sensitivity to heat and mechanical stimuli and the expression of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and MDA in the sciatic nerve were estimated. RESULTS: We showed that 2 to 4 weeks of treadmill training, insulin treatment, or their combination increased both paw withdrawal thresholds and latencies compared with the same regimen in sedentary diabetic rats (all P < 0.0022). Treatment with insulin, but without treadmill training, had significant effects on glycemic control (P < 0.0001) and restored body weight (P < 0.0001) in the diabetic rats. The diabetic rats demonstrated the upregulation (all P < 0.009) of IL-6, MDA, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the sciatic nerve on days 14 and 28 after streptozotocin treatment, whereas in diabetic rats receiving insulin, treadmill training, or a combination (all P < 0.01), this upregulation was decreased. Insulin, treadmill training, or the combination increased IL-10 expression (all P < 0.0051) in all diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS: Treadmill training combined with insulin therapy showed the best improvements in tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia among our 3 treatment groups. The benefits of insulin intervention and treadmill training could be related to chronic inflammation (proinflammatory cytokines) and oxidative stress (MDA).
BACKGROUND: Insulin therapy plays a critical role in managing type 1 diabetes mellitus, and exercise produces alterations in pain sensation. This experiment explored the effects of insulin therapy combined with treadmill training on diabetic neuropathic pain and on the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines. METHODS:Rats were given 4 weeks of insulin (100 IU/kg) therapy and treadmill training (30-60 min/d of training at 20-25 m/min) each day beginning on day 3 after streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, IV) injection and continuing until day 27. Sensitivity to heat and mechanical stimuli and the expression of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and MDA in the sciatic nerve were estimated. RESULTS: We showed that 2 to 4 weeks of treadmill training, insulin treatment, or their combination increased both paw withdrawal thresholds and latencies compared with the same regimen in sedentary diabeticrats (all P < 0.0022). Treatment with insulin, but without treadmill training, had significant effects on glycemic control (P < 0.0001) and restored body weight (P < 0.0001) in the diabeticrats. The diabeticrats demonstrated the upregulation (all P < 0.009) of IL-6, MDA, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the sciatic nerve on days 14 and 28 after streptozotocin treatment, whereas in diabeticrats receiving insulin, treadmill training, or a combination (all P < 0.01), this upregulation was decreased. Insulin, treadmill training, or the combination increased IL-10 expression (all P < 0.0051) in all diabeticrats. CONCLUSIONS: Treadmill training combined with insulin therapy showed the best improvements in tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia among our 3 treatment groups. The benefits of insulin intervention and treadmill training could be related to chronic inflammation (proinflammatory cytokines) and oxidative stress (MDA).
Authors: Peter M Grace; Timothy J Fabisiak; Suzanne M Green-Fulgham; Nathan D Anderson; Keith A Strand; Andrew J Kwilasz; Erika L Galer; Frederick Rohan Walker; Benjamin N Greenwood; Steven F Maier; Monika Fleshner; Linda R Watkins Journal: Pain Date: 2016-09 Impact factor: 6.961
Authors: Ewelina Rojewska; Magdalena Zychowska; Anna Piotrowska; Grzegorz Kreiner; Irena Nalepa; Joanna Mika Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2018-03-12 Impact factor: 7.561