Morphological change and cellular differentiation induced by cisplatin in human neuroblastoma cell lines.

In 1986 we reported on the capacity of cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin, CDDP) to induce erythroid cellular differentiation in the K562 cell. To continue our study of the differentiating activity of cisplatin, we treated two human neuroblastoma cell lines with different doses of the drug in vitro. Both cell lines showed changes in morphology; however, only one achieved a fully differentiated neuronal phenotype (cisplatin concentration 1 micrograms/ml). The differentiated neuroblastoma cells exhibited extensive neurite outgrowth that reached maximal elongation after 5 days of culture, forming several interconnections. Cisplatin could induce neuronal differentiation, as did retinoic acid, a neuroblastoma-differentiating agent. The results show that cisplatin should be a candidate for further in vitro and in vivo studies of induced differentiation.