Nusrat Nisar1, Raheel Sikandar1, Nisar Ahmed Sohoo2. 1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan. 2. District Coordinator National Programme for Family Planning and Primary Healthcare Matiary, Sindh, Pakistan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and to investigate any correlation of sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics with menopausal symptoms in rural women. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007-08 in rural Sindh, Pakistan, and comprised women of age 40-70 years who were selected through multistage random sampling. Sociodemographic information was collected on a predesigned proforma. Menopause Rating Scale was used to collect information regarding the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust prevalence odds ratio for demographic and reproductive characteristics. RESULTS: From among a population of 525,082, the study selected 3062(0.5%) women. The prevalence of menopausal symptoms was mostly higher except bladder problems 1138(37.7%) and dryness of vagina 1008(34%). The frequency of symptoms - all mild in nature - were hot flushes 1287(42%), sleep problems 1251(40.9%), depressive mode 1169(38.2%), physical and mental exertion 1169(38.2%), and muscle and joint pain 861(28.1%). Significant association of the symptoms was found with age, education and menopausal status (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of most of the menopausal symptoms was high except for bladder problems and dryness of vagina. Majority of the symptoms were categorised as mild.
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and to investigate any correlation of sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics with menopausal symptoms in rural women. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007-08 in rural Sindh, Pakistan, and comprised women of age 40-70 years who were selected through multistage random sampling. Sociodemographic information was collected on a predesigned proforma. Menopause Rating Scale was used to collect information regarding the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust prevalence odds ratio for demographic and reproductive characteristics. RESULTS: From among a population of 525,082, the study selected 3062(0.5%) women. The prevalence of menopausal symptoms was mostly higher except bladder problems 1138(37.7%) and dryness of vagina 1008(34%). The frequency of symptoms - all mild in nature - were hot flushes 1287(42%), sleep problems 1251(40.9%), depressive mode 1169(38.2%), physical and mental exertion 1169(38.2%), and muscle and joint pain 861(28.1%). Significant association of the symptoms was found with age, education and menopausal status (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of most of the menopausal symptoms was high except for bladder problems and dryness of vagina. Majority of the symptoms were categorised as mild.
Authors: Janet S Carpenter; Ying Sheng; Caitlin Pike; Charles D Elomba; Jennifer S Alwine; Chen X Chen; James E Tisdale Journal: Womens Health (Lond) Date: 2022 Jan-Dec
Authors: Ying Sheng; Janet S Carpenter; Charles D Elomba; Jennifer S Alwine; Min Yue; Caitlin A Pike; Chen X Chen; James E Tisdale Journal: Womens Midlife Health Date: 2021-05-31