Eun Young Kim1, Se Hyun Kim2, Sang Jin Rhee1, Iksoo Huh3, Kyooseob Ha4, Jayoun Kim5, Jae Seung Chang6, Dae Hyun Yoon7, Taesung Park8, Yong Min Ahn9. 1. Mental Health Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Dongguk University Medical School, Dongguk University International Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 5. Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 6. Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 8. Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: tspark@stats.snu.ac.kr. 9. Mental Health Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: aym@snu.ac.kr.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and risk of depressive symptom in a population with no clinical or laboratory evidence of thyroid dysfunction. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 13,017 subjects (7913 males and 5104 females), 17-84 years of age, who underwent health examinations at the hospital. Subjects had a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) total score of ≤9 and fell within the normal range of free T4 levels at baseline. The association between gender-specific serum TSH tertile at baseline and the development of clinically significant depressive symptom (i.e., ≥19 BDI total score) on the follow-up visit was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model, with adjustment for demographic and life style factors. RESULTS: The risk of depressive symptom was increased among subjects with the highest tertile TSH level (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.236; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.443-3.466; p<0.001) as compared with subjects with the lowest tertile in females, but not in males. Even among patients with normal TSH levels, females in the lowest-normal TSH tertile had a higher risk of depressive symptoms (adjusted HR, 2.279; 95% CI, 1.456-3.567; p<0.001) than did those in the highest tertile. The TSH level as a continuous variable significantly predicted the depressive symptoms in females (adjusted HR, 1.402; 95% CI, 1.002-1.812; p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Our finding suggests that suboptimal thyroid function increases vulnerability to the occurrence of depressive symptom and represents a modifiable risk factor for depression in females.
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and risk of depressive symptom in a population with no clinical or laboratory evidence of thyroid dysfunction. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 13,017 subjects (7913 males and 5104 females), 17-84 years of age, who underwent health examinations at the hospital. Subjects had a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) total score of ≤9 and fell within the normal range of free T4 levels at baseline. The association between gender-specific serum TSH tertile at baseline and the development of clinically significant depressive symptom (i.e., ≥19 BDI total score) on the follow-up visit was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model, with adjustment for demographic and life style factors. RESULTS: The risk of depressive symptom was increased among subjects with the highest tertile TSH level (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.236; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.443-3.466; p<0.001) as compared with subjects with the lowest tertile in females, but not in males. Even among patients with normal TSH levels, females in the lowest-normal TSH tertile had a higher risk of depressive symptoms (adjusted HR, 2.279; 95% CI, 1.456-3.567; p<0.001) than did those in the highest tertile. The TSH level as a continuous variable significantly predicted the depressive symptoms in females (adjusted HR, 1.402; 95% CI, 1.002-1.812; p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Our finding suggests that suboptimal thyroid function increases vulnerability to the occurrence of depressive symptom and represents a modifiable risk factor for depression in females.
Authors: J Patrizia Stohn; M Elena Martinez; Donald L St Germain; Arturo Hernandez Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology Date: 2019-09-18 Impact factor: 4.905
Authors: Aleksander Kuś; Alisa D Kjaergaard; Eirini Marouli; Fabiola Del Greco M; Rosalie B T M Sterenborg; Layal Chaker; Robin P Peeters; Tomasz Bednarczuk; Bjørn O Åsvold; Stephen Burgess; Panos Deloukas; Alexander Teumer; Christina Ellervik; Marco Medici Journal: Thyroid Date: 2021-05-26 Impact factor: 6.506
Authors: Benjamín Romero-Gómez; Paula Guerrero-Alonso; Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres; Blanca Notario-Pacheco; Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-11-28 Impact factor: 3.390