Fiber-based distance sensing interferometry.

We present an interferometric displacement sensor based on a folded low-finesse Fabry-Perot cavity. The fiber-optic sensor uses a quadrature detection scheme based on the wavelength modulation of a DFB laser. This enables measuring position changes over a range of 1 m for velocities up to 2 m/s. The sensor is well suited to work in extreme environments such as ultrahigh vacuum, cryogenic temperatures, or high magnetic fields and supports multichannel applications. The interferometer achieves a repeatability of 0.44  nm(3σ) at a working distance of 20 mm, a resolution of 1 pm, and an accuracy of 1 nm.