Alcohol withdrawal and mood.

The usefulness of a self-report technique for description of mood was tested at various stages of alcohol withdrawal. The Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), consisting of 71 mood-associated adjectives and measuring 6 bipolar aspects of mood, was used. Three groups of alcohol-dependent patients (DSM-III-R) reported on their momentary mood states twice a day, respectively, during early withdrawal (n = 78), during late withdrawal (n = 13), and after full remission (n = 12). Significant improvement was found in all 6 mood dimensions during early withdrawal. Improvement in 3 basic mood dimensions was also found during late withdrawal, thus indicating a prolonged time of recovery. The reports given by patients in full remission showed no changes in mood over time. Relative to norm group values, significant differences were found in 4 of the 6 mood dimensions for patients in very early withdrawal. The present study shows that mood changes attributable to after-effects of alcohol intake can be assessed and described during various stages of withdrawal.