Motivation Among Ex-Offenders Exiting Treatment: The Role of Abstinence Self-Efficacy.

The relationships between motivation, treatment readiness, and abstinence self-efficacy were examined among a sample of ex-offenders exiting inpatient treatment for substance use disorders. Hierarchical linear regression was conducted to examine changes in participants' motivation levels in relation to abstinence self-efficacy beyond what would be expected from treatment readiness and substance use. Abstinence self-efficacy predicted significant decreases in motivation whereas treatment readiness and substance use predicted significant increases. However, there was not a significant relationship between abstinence self-efficacy and treatment readiness. Findings suggest that motivation for change among persons with substance use disorders is related to their self-efficacy for ongoing abstinence.