Bin Wang1, Chuanxi Tang2, Hexing Wang3, Wei Zhou4, Yue Chen5, Ying Zhou6,7, Qingwu Jiang8. 1. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 12211020007@fudan.edu.cn. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Changning District, Shanghai, China. tangcxi@163.com. 3. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 10111020010@fudan.edu.cn. 4. Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai City, Zhejiang Province, China. zjtzrichard@sina.com. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Yue.Chen@uottawa.ca. 6. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. yingchou@fudan.edu.cn. 7. , Room 125, Building 8, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. yingchou@fudan.edu.cn. 8. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. jiangqw@fudan.edu.cn.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: In epidemiological studies, urinary biomonitoring is a valid approach to assess the association between environmental chemical exposure and children's health. Many clinical biomarkers (e.g., endogenous metabolites) are also based on analysis of urine. Considering the variability in urinary output, urinary concentrations of chemicals are commonly adjusted by creatinine and specific gravity (SG). However, there is a lack of systematic evaluation of their appropriateness for children. Furthermore, urinary SG and creatinine excretion could be influenced by body mass index (BMI), but the effect of BMI status on the two correction factors is unknown. We measured SG and creatinine concentrations of repeated first morning urine samples collected from 243 primary school children (8-11 years) over 5 consecutive weekdays. Urinary SG presented a higher temporal consistency compared with creatinine. Urinary SG was associated with sex (p < 0.001), whereas sex (p =0.034) and BMI (p = 00.008) were associated with urinary creatinine levels. Inter-day collection time was not associated with SG or creatinine after excluding the effect of Monday as a confounder. When stratified by BMI status, none of the factors were associated with creatinine among the overweight and obese children. CONCLUSION: Generally, SG is preferable for correcting the variability in urinary output for children although creatinine correction may also perform well in overweight and obese children. SG correction is recommended for epidemiological exposure analysis in children based on urinary levels of exogenous or endogenous metabolites.
UNLABELLED: In epidemiological studies, urinary biomonitoring is a valid approach to assess the association between environmental chemical exposure and children's health. Many clinical biomarkers (e.g., endogenous metabolites) are also based on analysis of urine. Considering the variability in urinary output, urinary concentrations of chemicals are commonly adjusted by creatinine and specific gravity (SG). However, there is a lack of systematic evaluation of their appropriateness for children. Furthermore, urinary SG and creatinine excretion could be influenced by body mass index (BMI), but the effect of BMI status on the two correction factors is unknown. We measured SG and creatinine concentrations of repeated first morning urine samples collected from 243 primary school children (8-11 years) over 5 consecutive weekdays. Urinary SG presented a higher temporal consistency compared with creatinine. Urinary SG was associated with sex (p < 0.001), whereas sex (p =0.034) and BMI (p = 00.008) were associated with urinary creatinine levels. Inter-day collection time was not associated with SG or creatinine after excluding the effect of Monday as a confounder. When stratified by BMI status, none of the factors were associated with creatinine among the overweight and obesechildren. CONCLUSION: Generally, SG is preferable for correcting the variability in urinary output for children although creatinine correction may also perform well in overweight and obesechildren. SG correction is recommended for epidemiological exposure analysis in children based on urinary levels of exogenous or endogenous metabolites.
Entities:
Keywords:
Body mass index; Children; Creatinine; Specific gravity; Urine
Authors: David T Mage; Ruth H Allen; Gauthami Gondy; Woollcott Smith; Dana B Barr; Larry L Needham Journal: J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol Date: 2004-11
Authors: Ryan C Lewis; John D Meeker; Karen E Peterson; Joyce M Lee; Gerry G Pace; Alejandra Cantoral; Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo Journal: Chemosphere Date: 2013-09-14 Impact factor: 7.086
Authors: Muna S Nahar; Amr S Soliman; Justin A Colacino; Antonia M Calafat; Kristen Battige; Ahmed Hablas; Ibrahim A Seifeldin; Dana C Dolinoy; Laura S Rozek Journal: Environ Health Date: 2012-04-02 Impact factor: 5.984
Authors: María D Ortiz-Pérez; Arturo Torres-Dosal; Lilia E Batres; Olga D López-Guzmán; M Grimaldo; C Carranza; Iván N Pérez-Maldonado; Flavio Martínez; José Pérez-Urizar; Fernando Díaz-Barriga Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2005-06 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: Dana B Barr; Lynn C Wilder; Samuel P Caudill; Amanda J Gonzalez; Lance L Needham; James L Pirkle Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2005-02 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: John D Meeker; Louise Ryan; Dana B Barr; Robert F Herrick; Deborah H Bennett; Roberto Bravo; Russ Hauser Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2004-12 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: Jennifer C Gibson; Leonora Marro; Michael M Borghese; Danielle Brandow; Lauren Remedios; Mandy Fisher; Morie Malowany; Katarzyna Kieliszkiewicz; Anna O Lukina; Kim Irwin Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-08-04 Impact factor: 3.752