The techniques of sphincter-saving extrasphincteric dissection and proximal segmental sphincteric excision in low rectal cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To define the techniques used in lower rectal cancer surgery, by transvaginal and transperineal approach; extrasphincteric dissection, proximal segmental sphincteric excision and transsphincteric rectal resection.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2007 and 2013, 7 patients (4 female, 3 male with lower rectal cancer were operated by sphincter-saving extrasphincteric disection and proksimal sphincteric excision techniques. After completion of the rectosigmoid dissection and total mesorectal excision up to the puborectal muscle level; extrasphincteric rectal dissection, transsphincteric rectal resection and ultra-low coloanal anastomosis were performed by using the transvaginal and transperineal approach in the sublevator phase of the operation.
RESULTS: Seven patients were operated with sublevator access for lower rectal cancer. Bowel contiunity has been provided in all patients. One patient died due to surgical complications in the early postoperative period. One patient deceveloped anastomotic leakage and there were two patients with anastomotic stricture. Circumferential resection margin and tumoral perforation were found negative in all of the patients. Tumoral deposits at the distal resection line was observed in one patient.
CONCLUSION: The techniques of sublevator rectal resection may be considered as an alternative sphincter-saving surgical method, especially in lower rectal cancer surgery.