Teruhiko Imamura1, Koichiro Kinugawa2, Daisuke Nitta3, Masaru Hatano3, Issei Komuro3. 1. Department of Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 2. Department of Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kinugawa-tky@umin.ac.jp. 3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the "off-label usage" of cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) has spread recently in advanced heart failure (HF) patients in the real-world practice, its clinical effect remained uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 84 in-hospital <65-year old patients with advanced HF undergoing CRT-D were enrolled. Seventeen patients (20%) had been dependent on inotropes at the time of CRT-D implantation, and 17 suffered cardiac death within a year. Both inotrope dependence and elevated plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (>690 pg/mL) at the time of CRT-D implantation were independent predictors of cardiac death within a year by Cox regression analyses (P < 0.05 for both). These 2 parameters could significantly stratify 1-year ventricular assist device (VAD)-free survival: inotrope-free low (1) or high BNP (2), or inotrope-dependent low (3) or high BNP groups (4) (98, 77, 57, and 17%, respectively, P < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in actual 1-year survival among the four groups. CONCLUSION: Patients dependent on inotropes sometimes receive CRT-D therapy as the last treatment resort in clinical practice, but LVAD implantation should be considered instead of CRT-D in advanced HF patients because of their poor prognosis with CRT-D therapy.
BACKGROUND: Although the "off-label usage" of cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) has spread recently in advanced heart failure (HF) patients in the real-world practice, its clinical effect remained uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 84 in-hospital <65-year old patients with advanced HF undergoing CRT-D were enrolled. Seventeen patients (20%) had been dependent on inotropes at the time of CRT-D implantation, and 17 suffered cardiac death within a year. Both inotrope dependence and elevated plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (>690 pg/mL) at the time of CRT-D implantation were independent predictors of cardiac death within a year by Cox regression analyses (P < 0.05 for both). These 2 parameters could significantly stratify 1-year ventricular assist device (VAD)-free survival: inotrope-free low (1) or high BNP (2), or inotrope-dependent low (3) or high BNP groups (4) (98, 77, 57, and 17%, respectively, P < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in actual 1-year survival among the four groups. CONCLUSION:Patients dependent on inotropes sometimes receive CRT-D therapy as the last treatment resort in clinical practice, but LVAD implantation should be considered instead of CRT-D in advanced HF patients because of their poor prognosis with CRT-D therapy.