Martin H Thornhill1, Mark J Dayer2, Bernard Prendergast3, Larry M Baddour4, Simon Jones5, Peter B Lockhart6. 1. Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Medicine, University of Sheffield School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA m.thornhill@sheffield.ac.uk. 2. Department of Cardiology, Taunton and Somerset NHS Trust, Taunton, Somerset TA1 5DA, UK. 3. Department of Cardiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. 4. Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. 5. School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK. 6. Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) administration prior to invasive dental procedures has been a leading focus of infective endocarditis prevention. However, there have been long-standing concerns about the risk of adverse drug reactions as a result of this practice. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence and nature of adverse reactions to amoxicillin and clindamycin prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis. METHODS: We obtained AP prescribing data for England from January 2004 to March 2014 from the NHS Business Services Authority, and adverse drug reaction data from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency's Yellow Card reporting scheme for prescriptions of the standard AP protocol of a single 3 g oral dose of amoxicillin or a single 600 mg oral dose of clindamycin for those allergic to penicillin. RESULTS: The reported adverse drug reaction rate for amoxicillin AP was 0 fatal reactions/million prescriptions (in fact 0 fatal reactions for nearly 3 million prescriptions) and 22.62 non-fatal reactions/million prescriptions. For clindamycin, it was 13 fatal and 149 non-fatal reactions/million prescriptions. Most clindamycin adverse drug reactions were Clostridium difficile infections. CONCLUSIONS: AP adverse drug reaction reporting rates in England were low, particularly for amoxicillin, and lower than previous estimates. This suggests that amoxicillin AP is comparatively safe for patients without a history of amoxicillin allergy. The use of clindamycin AP was, however, associated with significant rates of fatal and non-fatal adverse drug reactions associated with C. difficile infections. These were higher than expected and similar to those for other doses, durations and routes of clindamycin administration.
OBJECTIVES: Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) administration prior to invasive dental procedures has been a leading focus of infective endocarditis prevention. However, there have been long-standing concerns about the risk of adverse drug reactions as a result of this practice. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence and nature of adverse reactions to amoxicillin and clindamycin prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis. METHODS: We obtained AP prescribing data for England from January 2004 to March 2014 from the NHS Business Services Authority, and adverse drug reaction data from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency's Yellow Card reporting scheme for prescriptions of the standard AP protocol of a single 3 g oral dose of amoxicillin or a single 600 mg oral dose of clindamycin for those allergic to penicillin. RESULTS: The reported adverse drug reaction rate for amoxicillin AP was 0 fatal reactions/million prescriptions (in fact 0 fatal reactions for nearly 3 million prescriptions) and 22.62 non-fatal reactions/million prescriptions. For clindamycin, it was 13 fatal and 149 non-fatal reactions/million prescriptions. Most clindamycin adverse drug reactions were Clostridium difficile infections. CONCLUSIONS: AP adverse drug reaction reporting rates in England were low, particularly for amoxicillin, and lower than previous estimates. This suggests that amoxicillin AP is comparatively safe for patients without a history of amoxicillinallergy. The use of clindamycin AP was, however, associated with significant rates of fatal and non-fatal adverse drug reactions associated with C. difficile infections. These were higher than expected and similar to those for other doses, durations and routes of clindamycin administration.
Authors: F Lacassin; B Hoen; C Leport; C Selton-Suty; F Delahaye; V Goulet; J Etienne; S Briançon Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 1995-12 Impact factor: 29.983
Authors: Imad M Tleyjeh; James M Steckelberg; Hani S Murad; Nandan S Anavekar; Hassan M K Ghomrawi; Zaur Mirzoyev; Sherif E Moustafa; Tanya L Hoskin; Jayawant N Mandrekar; Walter R Wilson; Larry M Baddour Journal: JAMA Date: 2005-06-22 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Peter B Lockhart; Michael T Brennan; Martin Thornhill; Bryan S Michalowicz; Jenene Noll; Farah K Bahrani-Mougeot; Howell C Sasser Journal: J Am Dent Assoc Date: 2009-10 Impact factor: 3.634
Authors: Saad Usmani; Linda Choquette; Robert Bona; Richard Feinn; Zainab Shahid; Rajesh V Lalla Journal: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Date: 2018-01-11
Authors: Jason A Trubiano; Cosby A Stone; M Lindsay Grayson; Karen Urbancic; Monica A Slavin; Karin A Thursky; Elizabeth J Phillips Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract Date: 2017-08-23
Authors: Jasmine R Marcelin; Douglas W Challener; Eugene M Tan; Brian D Lahr; Larry M Baddour Journal: Mayo Clin Proc Date: 2017-07-08 Impact factor: 7.616