MicroRNA-221/222 regulate ox-LDL-induced endothelial apoptosis via Ets-1/p21 inhibition.

Endothelial cells (ECs) apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is thought to play an essential role in atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs, acting as posttranscriptional regulators of protein-coding genes involved in vascular cell biology. MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 (miR-221/222) are known to be involved in the regulation of endothelial inflammation and angiogenesis. However, the function of miR-221/222 in ox-LDL-induced ECs apoptosis and atherosclerosis is still unknown. Here, we showed that miR-221/222 expression was markedly down-regulated in ox-LDL-induced apoptotic human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells. MiR-221/222 inhibition enhanced apoptosis in ECs, whereas over-expression of miR-221/222 could partly alleviate apoptotic cell death mediated by ox-LDL through suppression of Ets-1 and its downstream target p21. These findings suggest that manipulation of the miR-221/222-Ets-1-p21 pathway may offer a novel strategy for treatment of endothelial apoptosis and atherosclerosis.